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# Mesquite Pediatrics • Tucson AZ

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## Posts

- [Vaccine Parking](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/news/vaccine-parking/) - For September through November only, if you have an appointment for flu and/or COVID vaccine during the week, you will park around the back of the building and we will come out to give the vaccine in your vehicle. Follow these instructions: After you enter the business complex from Grant Road, continue straight along the west side of the building toward the parking spots on the photo with the stars. Look for the Mesquite Pediatrics Vaccine Parking signs and park in spots #179, 180, 181, or 182 as shown. Call us to let us know you are here: (520) 648-5437.
- [As we have entered the new year let us focus on how to keep our children healthy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/as-we-have-entered-the-new-year-let-us-focus-on-how-to-keep-our-children-healthy/) - As we have entered the new year let us focus on how to keep our children healthy. We know a healthy diet is important to their well-being and that it should contain more whole foods than processed foods. We know physical activity helps maintain healthy weight and prevent complications like diabetes and heart disease. We know vaccinations prevent harmful and potentially fatal infections. The falsified links of acetaminophen (Tylenol) and vaccinations to autism show that the numerous worldwide studies using gold-standard science will never be enough to convince conspiracy theorists and fear-mongers. Kennedy has said they “will find” the links, showing his determination to twist data to justify his preconceived notions. Measles cases are out of control, and the United States will lose our elimination status because our leaders refuse to acknowledge that vaccinations save lives. The change to the newborn hepatitis B vaccination recommendation by the ACIP was made to sow doubt in vaccinations, not because there is any data showing a risk to newborns from the vaccine. Recent COVID vaccination data was misrepresented and used falsely to imply a risk of death with the initial vaccination series, a risk not found by the FDA’s own investigation. The change of our vaccination policy to mimic another country, without data to support that it is superior, is just a bad public health decision. Other countries have different health care delivery systems, different parental sick time leave, different infectious disease risks, and different population sizes. We have seen guidelines change without scientific methods even being discussed and anticipate this trend to continue, a sharp departure from decades of precedent. Below are a few articles that we recommend you read. Inside Medicine review of FDA’s internal review of COVID vaccinations and pediatric deaths Paul Offit on the CDC claims Paul Offit on Hep B AAP Fact check CHOP’s vaccination education center
- [Anti-Science CDC Changing Immunization Schedule to Make it Less Safe](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/anti-science-cdc-changing-immunization-schedule-to-be-less-safe/) - With the recent changes in the CDC & FDA, specifically the firing of science experts from the ACIP (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice); their replacement with non-scientist, anti-vaccination activists; and the spreading of false statements through both organizations, we will be following the AAP vaccination schedule instead of that published by the CDC. The discussion of changing what has already been proven to be a safe, effective vaccination schedule is worrisome and based on anti-science fearmongering. We will continue to offer accelerated vaccination, when possible, to interested parents. We will continue to recommend the Hepatitis B vaccine be given at birth, as this approach has decreased Hepatitis B infection by 99%. We will not draw Hepatitis B titers in young children as there is no evidence to do so. The current outbreaks of measles (155 cases in AZ as of Dec 6, 2025) and pertussis are occurring in unvaccinated populations and further provide evidence that when the community vaccinates, the population is safer and we do not see children die of preventable diseases. Furthermore, in 2024 the number of pediatric deaths from infectious and vaccine-preventable diseases grew for the third year in a row in Arizona as vaccination rates have dropped. We believe in vaccinations. We believe in their safety, and we know that they save children’s lives. Our website has links to reliable websites at: Mesquite Pediatrics Reliable Websites. We post regularly on Facebook. The AAP vaccination schedule can be found at AAP Vaccination Schedule through the Healthy Children website. Below are a few articles to read more on the subject: Fact Checked: U.S. Vaccine Recommendations are Appropriate for Children in the United States Report: Hepatitis B vaccine safe; delaying would lead to increased infections Fact Checked: Vaccines: Safe and Effective, No Link to Autism
- [Protect your baby this season from RSV](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/protect-your-baby-this-season-from-rsv/) - If it is between October 1 and March 31 and you have a baby under 8 months of age, please read below to see if you should call us to schedule an appointment for this injection to help prevent RSV infection in your child. RSV is the most common reason for babies under 1 year of age to be admitted to the hospital. Every year there are about 2.1 million outpatient visits and 58,000-80,000 hospitalizations due to RSV for children under 5 in the US. Fortunately, a vaccine for pregnant women (Abrysvo) and an injection for babies (Beyfortus) help prevent RSV infections in the youngest babies. We highly recommend this injection for any baby
- [Governor Hobbs signs executive order expanding access to COVID vaccines](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/news/governor-hobbs-signs-executive-order-expanding-access-to-covid-vaccines/) - We are very happy to announce that Governor Hobbs has signed an executive order expending access to COVID vaccines in Arizona. The order references recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG), and American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) that encourage vaccination of ALL people 6 months and older who want to receive a COVID vaccine. This goes against current guidance by the CDC which indicates that for people under 65, only those with risk factors are recommended to be vaccinated. There have been vague and inconsistent references to “shared decision making” for people without risk factors but Governor Hobbs’ executive order solidifies this recommendation for Arizonans, allowing vaccination for all who are interested, regardless of whether they have a risk factor. Mesquite Pediatrics has decided to follow the guidance from Governor Hobbs as we have always been in agreement with the AAP, ACOG, and AAFP and feel COVID vaccine should be available to everyone. See our Pediatric Services page for more details and to learn how to schedule.
- [Mesquite Pediatrics Statement on Vaccines and the ACIP](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/mesquite-pediatrics-statement-on-vaccines-and-the-acip/) - In this day and age it is hard to know who you should trust with the care of your child. There are a lot of opinions out there on how best to raise your children – family, friends, social media, etc. We are committed to providing high quality, evidence-based medical care to all families based on current guidelines and research. We would like to help you and your family navigate these uncertain and changing times with scientific and fact-based care. With the recent changes in the CDC, specifically the firing of experts and their replacement with non-scientist, non-vaccination experts on the ACIP (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices) we do not believe we will be able to continue relying on the CDC’s vaccination schedule going forward. We will continue to follow the Academy of Pediatrics’ recommended schedule and offer accelerated vaccination when possible, given the current outbreaks of measles and the uncertainty of future vaccine availability. We believe in vaccinations. We believe in their safety and we know that they save children’s lives. In regards to the recent uncertainty around vaccinations we look to be your trusted source of information. Our website has links to reliable websites at: Mesquite Pediatrics Reliable Websites The AAP vaccination schedule can be found at AAP Vaccination Schedule through the Healthy Children website. Below are a few articles to read more on the subject: Healthy Children Open Letter to Parents AAP News on ACIP Major US Medical Organizations Statement
- [Accelerated Vaccine Schedule & Vaccine Availability Concerns](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/accelerated-vaccine-schedule/) - If you received a text message from us, then you have a child in an age group that is eligible for an accelerated vaccine schedule. We are having a Saturday morning vaccination clinic on March 1st to provide vaccines for children whose parents are concerned about the availability of vaccines in the future. Please see more details below and call us to schedule your child for the clinic if you are interested. We will also be offering flu and COVID vaccines at this clinic. If you cannot make it on the morning of March 1st, you can make an appointment for a time during regular business hours after that date. While we do not know if any changes may occur we do know that this is a safe and effective strategy. Our primary goal remains ensuring your child’s health and wellness. Vaccine Availability Concerns We have heard from many families who have questions or concerns about potential changes in health policies in our country. As your pediatricians, we want to remind you of our goal of providing the best possible care for your children and helping them grow and thrive in a healthy community. We wish we could predict what will happen with vaccine policy in the near future, but unfortunately we cannot. We do know that the newly-confirmed Secretary of Health and Human Services has been an outspoken critic of vaccines, especially the MMR, HPV, and polio vaccines (references below). At the very least, he founded Children’s Health Defense, an anti-vaccination group; argued against measles vaccination in Samoa during an outbreak that led to 83 deaths; is an interested party in, and stands to profit from, a lawsuit against the manufacturer of the HPV vaccine; and is affiliated with a lawyer who has petitioned for the revocation of the license for polio vaccine. Some Vaccines can be Given Early Given the uncertainty regarding the future of vaccinations and protection against vaccine preventable infections, we are offering an optional accelerated vaccination schedule for our patients. This accelerated schedule is within recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) that guides our immunization practices. These doses would not be “extra” but would be given early to ensure the child is protected against vaccine preventable infections while the vaccines are available. They will be just as effective when given on this schedule and will be accepted by any institution with vaccination requirements. Vaccines on the Accelerated schedule MMRV: 2nd dose available for children 15 months- 4 yrs. Must be at least 3 months after the first dose of MMR & Varicella vaccinations (usually given at 1 yr). If your child is 4 years or older and has not yet received this vaccination they would also be eligible. (Informative Links: RFK and Samoan Measles Outbreak, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia on: MMR, Varicella, Sabin Vaccine Institute Q&A) HPV: Series can be started at 9 years of age instead of the usual 11 years of age. If your child has not received this vaccination and is 9 years or older they are eligible. The second dose will be given 6 months later. (Informative Links: RKF on HPV Vaccine Lawsuit, Children’s Hospital of Philadelpha on: HPV) DTaP/Hib/IPV (Pentacel) and pneumoncoccal vaccine: 4th doses available for infants 12 months-14 months. Must be at least 6 months after the 6 month vaccinations. (Informative Links: Children’s Hospital of Philadelpha on: RFK Lawyer Petitions to Revoke Polio Vaccine License, DTaP, Hib, Polio) More Links that May be of Interest RFK on vaccines in general and race: Washington Post on RFK Concern for Outbreaks: RFK and Outbreaks Article Oulining how Vaccines Have Saved 146 Million Lives Since 1974: The Lancet on Vaccines Article on Excellent Effectiveness of HPV Vaccine in Preventing Cervical Cancer: Journal of the Natinal Cancer Institute on HPV Vaccine Vaccines and Autism: STATNews, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, CDC
- [RSV Prevention for Babies (Beyfortus)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/rsv-prevention-for-babies/) - If it is between October 1 and March 31 and you have a baby under 8 months of age, please read below to see if you should call us to schedule an appointment for this injection to help prevent RSV infection in your child. RSV is the most common reason for babies under 1 year of age to be admitted to the hospital. Every year there are about 2.1 million outpatient visits and 58,000-80,000 hospitalizations due to RSV for children under 5 in the US. Fortunately, a vaccine for pregnant women (Abrysvo) and an injection for babies (Beyfortus) were released last year to help prevent RSV infections in the youngest babies. We highly recommend this injection for any baby
- [Well Check And Immunization Schedule](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/well-check-and-immunization-schedule/) - Below is our usual check-up and immunization schedule. Your child’s schedule may vary, so make sure you ask us when your child’s next visit should be. Additional Information We do not recommend giving your child Tylenol (acetaminophen) before the vaccines as there is some evidence that this may decrease the effectiveness of the vaccines. If you are interested in more information on a particular vaccine-preventable disease, visit our AAP Patient Education Library where you can download Vaccine Information Sheets to learn about the disease, side effects of the vaccine, and other pertinent information. Download our Well-Child Exam Handouts for more detailed information and guidance, based on your child’s age. First Week Check (usually 1-3 days after leaving the hospital) Usually no vaccines Two Week Check Usually no vaccines ( Hepatitis B if not given at birth) Second newborn genetic disease screen collected One Month Check Usually no vaccines Two Month Check Pentacel ( Diphtheria , Tetanus , acellular Pertussis , Hib , and Polio ) Hepatitis B Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Rotavirus Four Month Check Pentacel ( Diphtheria , Tetanus , acellular Pertussis , Hib , and Polio ) Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Rotavirus Six Month Check Pentacel ( Diphtheria , Tetanus , acellular Pertussis , Hib , and Polio ) Hepatitis B Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Rotavirus Nine Month Check Hearing Screen One Year Check MMR ( Measles , Mumps , and Rubella ) Varicella (Chicken Pox) Hepatitis A Anemia and Lead Screens Vision Screen Fifteen Month Check Pentacel ( Diphtheria , Tetanus , acellular Pertussis , Hib , and Polio ) Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Eighteen Month Check Hepatitis A Two Year Check No Vaccines Vision Screen Lead Screen Thirty Month Check No Vaccines Three Year Check Hearing Screen Vision Screen Four Year Check DTaP-IPV ( Diphtheria , Tetanus , acellular Pertussis and polio) MMRV ( Measles , Mumps , Rubella , Varicella ) Five Year Check Hearing Screen Vision Screen Six to Eight Years Checkup every year Nine Year Check Vision Screen Ten Year Check Hearing Screen Cholesterol Screen Eleven Year Check Tdap ( Tetanus , Diphtheria , acellular Pertussis ) Meningococcal (meningitis) Human Papillomavirus Twelve to Twenty-Six Years Checkup every year Usually no vaccines Anemia screen at 12 year check Meningococcal (meningitis) – second dose given at 16 years Hearing screen to 16 year check Anemia screen at 16 year check Cholesterol screen at 18 year check Tdap (Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis) at 21 year check
- [Mesquite Pediatrics Welcomes Catherine Gioannetti](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/news/mesquite-pediatrics-welcomes-catherine-gioannetti/) - Mesquite Pediatrics is excited to welcome Catherine Gioannetti to our practice. Dr Gioannetti has 25 years of experience and has been designated an Exceptional Woman in Medicine and Top Doctor by Tucson Lifestyle for more than 5 years.
- [2025 Tucson Lifestyle Regional Top Doctors](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/news/2025-tucson-lifestyle-regional-top-doctors/) - Mesquite Pediatrics is proud to acknowledge Dr Jeff Couchman, Dr Nicole Abdy, and Dr Catherine Gioannetti as Tucson Lifestyle Regional Top Doctors for 2025. See their accomplishment on pages 86 and 110 of the April issue of Tucson Lifestyle.
- [Welcome to Dr. Gioannetti's Patients](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/news/welcome-to-dr-gioannettis-patients/) - If your kids are current patients of Dr. Gioannetti and you would like to follow her to Mesquite Pediatrics, we welcome you! We look forward to seeing you here at Dr. Gioannetti’s new home starting April 1, 2025. You can call us any time to schedule an appointment and our staff will walk you through the process of getting established with us. See our New Patients page to ensure our practice is the best fit for your family, and to begin registration.
- [Flu Vaccines](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/flu-vaccines/) - Information About Flu Vaccines Flu vaccination is recommended for all people 6 months of age and older. The flu vaccine is offered in injectable and nasal spray forms. Those who are at highest risk from the flu (and therefore for whom we most strongly recommend the vaccine) are: children aged 6 months to 5 years children and adolescents who are receiving long-term aspirin therapy and, therefore, might be at risk for experiencing Reye syndrome with influenza virus infection women who will be pregnant during the influenza season adults and children who have chronic disorders of the pulmonary or cardiovascular systems, including asthma (hypertension is not considered a high-risk condition) adults and children who have required regular medical follow-up or hospitalization during the preceding year because of chronic metabolic diseases (including diabetes mellitus), renal dysfunction, hemoglobinopathies, or immunodeficiency (including immunodeficiency caused by medications or by human immunodeficiency virus [HIV]) adults and children who have any condition that can compromise respiratory function or the handling of respiratory secretions or that can increase the risk for aspiration (e.g., cognitive dysfunction, spinal cord injuries, seizure disorders, or other neuromuscular disorders). residents of nursing homes and other chronic-care facilities that house persons of any age who have chronic medical conditions persons aged > 65 years Also, a flu vaccine is strongly recommended for any household contact of any of the people listed above and for anyone who works in health care. Children under 9 years of age who have not received at least 2 doses of flu vaccine in the past are recommended to get 2 doses this year, at least 4 weeks apart. Nasal Flu Vaccine (Flumist) There are certain people who absolutely should not get the nasal vaccine and others for whom it may not be a good idea (these people should consult with their physician). This year we have a limited supply of the nasal flu vaccine (Flumist). But there are certain people who absolutely should not get the nasal vaccine and others for whom it may not be a good idea (these people should consult with their physician). Those who definitely should not get the nasal flu vaccine are people in the following categories: Children under 2 years of age Children under 18 years of age currently receiving aspirin- or salicylate-containing therapy Children under 5 years of age who have had wheezing or asthma in the past 12 months People who have had a serious allergic reaction to a flu vaccine or flu vaccine ingredient (including gentamicin, gelatin, or arginine) People who have a weakened immune system (immunosuppressed, immunocompromised, or on long term oral steroids) People who live with or care for a person who is immunocompromised People without a functioning spleen Pregnant women People with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak into the nose, mouth, ear, or other part of the skull People with a cochlear implant People who have taken flu antiviral drugs within the last 17 days Those for whom it may not be a good idea and consultation with a physician is recommended include: People over 4 years of age who have asthma People with lung, heart, kidney, or liver disease, neurological or neuromuscular disease, or a metabolic disorder (including diabetes) People who currently have a fever or are otherwise sick People who have been diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome within 6 weeks of a previous flu vaccine
- [Whooping Cough Vaccine For Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/whooping-cough-vaccine-for-parents/) - The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) all recommend that mothers receive the vaccine against whooping cough (Pertussis) with every pregnancy. They also recommend that fathers and other close caregivers receive the vaccine. Unfortunately, whooping cough is still a common and potentially deadly disease for babies. In a recent outbreak in California, thousands became sick and 10 babies died. Babies are not well protected by the vaccine until they have received the third dose at 6 months of age. At Mesquite Pediatrics, we feel strongly about making sure the babies in our practice have every protection possible from whooping cough. Therefore, when supplies are available, we now offer this vaccine (known as Tdap) to parents and other family members who will have close contact with our babies. If you would like to receive this vaccine at our office, you can register yourself as a patient on our patient portal. When you schedule the appointment for your baby to be seen, please let the receptionist know that you would like to receive the vaccine during the appointment. You will be asked to return to the portal to fill out a short questionnaire to ensure that the vaccine is medically appropriate for you. Then when you come for your baby’s appointment be ready to roll up your sleeve to help create a cocoon of protection around the newest addition to your family!
- [Sunscreen](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/sunscreen/) - Anyone who lives in southern Arizona is aware that sun exposure can be bad for your skin. Even a “healthy” tan is actually a sign of damaged skin. But sunscreens can be confusing. At Mesquite Pediatrics, we feel it is important that people are as informed as possible about sunscreens and their use. Here are some facts and recommendations for our patients. Ingredients are more important than SPF: Sunburns are caused by UVB radiation, but 95% of cancer-causing radiation from the sun is UVA. The SPF only indicates how well a sunscreen blocks UVB and has nothing to do with its ability to block UVA. The following ingredients block UVA: avobenzone, oxybenzone, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and ecamsule. Many sunscreens do not contain any of these ingredients. Avobenzone and oxybenzone are not as effective as the others and don’t last as long. There is usually no difference between a sunscreen with an SPF of 15 and one with an SPF of 50. Sunscreen needs to be applied FREQUENTLY: Many sunscreen ingredients degrade in the sun. When not in the water or sweating significantly it should be re-applied every 2 hours. “Water/sweat resistant” sunscreen lasts 40 minutes in the water or when sweating. “Very water/sweat resistant” or “Water-Proof” sunscreen lasts 80 minutes. Most people don’t put on enough or they put it on too late: The amount you use can really affect the protection you get. Apply more than you think you need and do it 30 minutes before going out in the sun. It is OK to use sunscreen on very young babies: You do not have to wait until a baby is 6 months old to use sunscreen. For all children it is best to protect their skin with clothing and a hat, but sunscreen can be used after 1 month of age if sun exposure can’t be avoided. Use one that is made for babies or labeled as “hypo-allergenic”. Don’t use sunscreens that are combined with insect repellents: Sunscreens need to be re-applied at least every 2 hours (more often if sweating or swimming) but insect repellents shouldn’t be re-applied.
- [Use of Probiotics](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/use-of-probiotics/) - People often ask about the uses of probiotics in children. There are many conditions for which probiotics are often used, but the scientific evidence supporting their use is incomplete. Below are several conditions for which there does seem to be a benefit; also, we list the probiotic species that have been studied and shown to be of most benefit. This is not a comprehensive list, but the conditions with the most research showing the greatest benefits are included here. Generally, a dose of 10-20 billion colony forming units per day is necessary to have an effect for an adult. A good rule of thumb for children’s dosing is to use one quarter the recommended adult dosage for children up to 6 years of age, half the adult dosage for children 6 to 12 years of age, and a full adult dosage for teens. It is important to recognize that probiotics are not as tightly regulated as medications. There really is no way to assure the purity of any particular preparation or the accuracy of what’s on the label. Your safest bet is to go with a well-known brand, if possible. Also, probiotics are often sold as combinations of species. How these combinations will work is not necessarily clear, so you may want to look for those preparations that are only a single species if you can. Probiotics are not necessarily safe for all people and in all situations. People with the following conditions should probably not use them: chronic diseases (such as congenital heart disease or kidney disease), immune deficiencies (either from an immune disease or from medications such as chemotherapy), and those with indwelling catheters. If you have questions about whether it would be safe to use probiotics with your child, please check with us first. Antibiotic-associated Diarrhea Many of our patients realize that antibiotics can cause diarrhea by killing off the body’s normal intestinal bacteria. The use of probiotics can help replace these “healthy” bacteria and make it less likely that a person taking antibiotics will develop the diarrhea. Three probiotics have been shown to be helpful: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Streptococcus thermophilus, and Bifidobacterium lactis (which is available in some infant formulas). Acute infectious diarrhea Also known as the stomach flu, stomach viruses, and viral gastroenteritis, acute infectious diarrhea if extremely common. Probiotics are not a cure for this, but can sometimes shorten the course by up to 2 days. Strains that may be of benefit are Streptococcus boulardii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Infantile Colic A study published in August 2010 showed a decrease in colic symptoms in infants given 10 billion CFU of Lactobacillus reuteri. It definitely is not a cure for all cases of colic, but it is a safe intervention that can be tried. Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis) There is little research done in children and teens with these conditions. In adults a stain of E. coli (strain Nissle 1917) has been shown to be of some benefit in lengthening the time between relapses. The usual dosage is 250mg three times a day for 4 weeks. Irritable Bowel Syndrome This condition is poorly defined and difficult to treat. A study was recently completed (in 2010) that seems to show that Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG has some benefits. Allergic Diseases (Eczema, Allergic Rhinitis, and Asthma) There have been a number of studies to look at whether probiotics can either prevent or treat any of these conditions. It does appear that probiotics can make it slightly less likely that these conditions will develop, but studies on whether probiotics can actually treat these conditions have had mixed results. Eczema is the condition on this list most likely to benefit from probiotics. Most studies have used Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, though there is no consistent recommendation.
- [Vomiting Cure for Infants & Toddlers](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/vomiting-cure-for-infants-toddlers/) - This is a technique of giving fluids to a young child who has been vomiting that often will allow you to get some fluids into their system and thereby alleviate the vomiting and avoid dehydration (and the emergency room). It does not work for every child, but it does work for most. If your child has been vomiting repeatedly for a long time, appears dehydrated, is lethargic or poorly responsive, or just looks to you like he or she is very sick and worrisome, please seek medical attention (come see us or go to an emergency room) instead of trying this vomiting cure. However, if your child is not very ill, try following the instructions below. Don’t be tempted to use Gatorade or other sports drinks instead of Pediatlyte (or a generic equivalent). Sports drinks contain too much sugar and not enough salt to hydrate appropriately so they don’t work as well and they also can cause diarrhea, which is a problem you probably don’t want right now. Give 1 teaspoon of Pedialyte (or a generic equivalent) every 10 minutes for 1 hour. Then give 2 teaspoons every 10 minutes for 1 hour. Then give 4 teaspoons every 10 minutes for 1 hour. If your child tolerates this without vomiting: You can now give 2 to 3 ounces at a time in a cup or bottle for your child to work on at their own pace with some encouragement to take frequent sips. If your child is able to take another 8-12 ounces of Pedialyte without vomiting: You can start with some bland foods and a little bit of milk, and increase what you give him or her over the next day or so. If your child vomits: Wait 30 minutes without giving anything and start over. If you have to start over 3 times and your child is still vomiting, then call us. If your child does not urinate at least 4 times in 24 hours, then call us.
- [Patient Directions After a Fluoride Varnish Treatment](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/patient-directions-after-a-fluoride-varnish-treatment/) - After having fluoride varnish applied, you may be able to see a thin coating of the varnish on the surface of the teeth. For it to be most effective, it needs to stay on the teeth for approximately 4 to 6 hours. Please follow the directions below: Do not brush or floss the teeth for at least 6 hours after treatment Have your child eat only soft food for at least 2 hours after treatment Do not give your child hot drinks for at least 6 hours after treatment Wait until the next day to brush the teeth A thorough brushing the next day will easily remove any remaining varnish. Download these care instructions.
- [Routine Circumcision Care](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/routine-circumcision-care/) - Care after a circumcision is really very simple. For the first few days we need to keep the healing circumcision site from being irritated by the diaper. We do this by applying petroleum jelly (Vaseline) to the penis with every diaper change and closing the diaper nice and tight to avoid friction. It’s easiest if you buy the petroleum jelly that comes in a tube and use it to apply a swirl over the entire penis (like a Dairy Queen ice cream cone). Do this for the first 7 days. We also need to keep the site from being irritated with cleaning. So, for the first week, you should only use a wet washcloth to clean him in his diaper area. Baby poop cleans very well with just water, so soaps and wipes really aren’t necessary and they might cause irritation of the healing area. Most babies do not have much pain, but if he seems very fussy today you can give him acetaminophen (Tylenol) infant drops. You can give it to him every 4 hours, up to 5 times a day. His dose is 1.25 ml (the first line on the dosing syringe) as long as he is at least 6 pounds. Ask us how much to give him if he is less than 6 pounds. Complications or Reasons to Call Us Bleeding: If you see a little blood in a few of his diapers over the next couple of days, don’t worry. But if you see blood actually coming from the site of the circumcision, hold pressure on it with some gauze or a piece of tissue for 10 minutes. If it doesn’t stop with pressure, please call us. Infection: It is normal to see a yellow crust or film over the area of the circumcision for the first week or two. This is just a part of the healing process. If you see yellow liquid (like pus) leaking from the area, redness and swelling traveling up the penis toward his body, or if your baby develops a fever (temperature of 100 or higher), you should call us right away. Download these care instructions.
- [Finding Mesquite Pediatrics](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/news/mesquite-pediatrics-has-moved/) - We are excited to announce that Mesquite Pediatrics has moved to a new building! Our new office is located in Grant Road Professional Plaza at 5983 E Grant Rd, Suite 105–about a mile east of our previous location. We look forward to seeing you in our new, larger, more up-to-date space! Grant Road Professional Plaza is the only entry to our office. Do not turn into the “Old Farm” complex. We are 1 entrance further west from there. Find Us on Google Maps
- [Reach Out & Read](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/reach-out-read/) - It’s never too soon to read together! Reach Out and Read gives young children a foundation for success by incorporating books into pediatric care and encouraging families to read aloud together. When we look back on our childhood, many of us have fond memories of being read to, of snuggling up and enjoying a favorite story with the people who love us. And it’s not so much the story that we remember, but the feeling of love and security that it gave us. It turns out that reading aloud, a time-honored tradition in so many families, is actually a wonderful way of helping children to reach their full potential. More than thirty years ago, two Boston Medical Center pediatricians recognized their unique opportunity to have an impact on the development, as well as on the health, of the children they served. They adopted a simple model of prescribing books and reading aloud as a means of fostering the language-rich interactions between parents and their young children that stimulate early brain development. Mesquite Pediatrics is a participating Reach Out & Read practice. Ask us about this simple and effective way to help your child develop language and literacy skills.

## Pages

- [Policies & Forms](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/policies/) - Learn about the policies that help us provide your children with the very best of care: insurance & billing, appointment policies, vaccination, and more.
- [Pediatric Services](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/services/) - Your children’s healthcare needs are as unique as their personalities! Learn about well and sick visits, newborn care, mental health services, and more.
- [AAP Patient Education Library](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/library/) - Browse this library of expert advice from the American Academy of Pediatrics. This collection of over 800 handouts covers 200 topics for parents and teens.
- [Tools & Resources](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/resources/) - Explore reliable references and tools to assist with caring for your child: an easy-to-use dosage calculator, AAP educational handouts, our blog, and much more!
- [Our Practice](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/practice/) - Mesquite Pediatrics provides the personalized care that we would expect for our own children, and empowers you to promote health and wellness for your family.
- [New Patients](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/new-patients/) - Nothing makes us happier than watching a child grow and thrive! We currently accept new patients from birth to age 17 years.
- [Home](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/welcome/) - The pediatricians at Mesquite Pediatrics provides high-quality, personalized care for infants, children, teens, and young adults in Tucson, AZ.
- [Give Us Feedback](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/feedback/) - Please let us know how we are doing, your feedback matters to us!
- [Mesquite Pediatrics Blog](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/blog/) - Topical information and guidance written by your trusted physicians at Mesquite Pediatrics. Select a topic to read blog posts on that subject.
- [Reliable Websites](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/websites/) - Wondering where to find reliable medical information online? Browse our recommendations for accurate online resources you can depend on.
- [Well-Child Exam Handouts](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/exam-handouts/) - These handouts, written by the doctors at Mesquite Pediatrics, contain valuable information and guidance for parents and patients, based on your child’s age.
- [Telemedicine Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/telemedicine/) - We offer telemedicine visits during the week by appointment and on weekends as needed. Please call our office to schedule a telemedicine visit.
- [Patient Portal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/patient-portal/) - Our patient portal allows you to access your child’s medical records 24/7 from your home, office or smart phone.
- [Medication Dosage Calculator](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/calculator/) - Easily determine the right dose of Acetaminophen (Tylenol), Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil), or Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for your child's weight.
- [Reach Out & Read](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/reach-out-read/) - Reach Out and Read gives young children a foundation for success by incorporating books into pediatric care and encouraging families to read aloud together.

## AAP Library

- [Stress-Management Plan](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/stress-management-plan/)
- [Breastfeeding Your Baby: Caring For Your Breasts](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-your-baby-caring-for-your-breasts/)
- [Body Mass Index (BMI) in Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/body-mass-index-bmi-in-children/) - You may hear the term body mass index or "BMI" during your child's checkups, or even at your own health visits. But what does it mean, and why is it important to your child's health?
- [Childhood Obesity: A Complex Issue](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/childhood-obesity-a-complex-issue/)
- [Is Weight-loss Surgery Right for My Child?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/is-weight-loss-surgery-right-for-my-child/)
- [Treatment for Obesity in Children and Teens](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/treatment-for-obesity-in-children-and-teens/)
- [What is Intensive Behavior and Lifestyle Treatment (IHBLT)?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-intensive-behavior-and-lifestyle-treatment-ihblt/) - Intensive health behavior and lifestyle treatment (IHBLT) is a safe and proven approach for adolescents with overweight and obesity.
- [Breastfeeding Your Baby: How Should I Store Breast Milk?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-your-baby-how-should-i-store-breast-milk/)
- [Breastfeeding Your Baby: About Weaning](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-your-baby-about-weaning/)
- [Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Preventive Antibody: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv-preventive-antibody-what-you-need-to-know/) - Almost all children get a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection at least once before they are 2 years of age. Most children have mild symptoms. But babies and some children can get very sick from RSV.
- [Opioid Use: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/opioid-use-what-parents-need-to-know/) - Drug overdoses are a leading cause of unintentional death in the United States. Many of these overdoses are from prescription and nonprescription opioid drugs.
- [COVID: How to Prepare for Your Child’s COVID Vaccination](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/covid-how-to-prepare-for-your-childs-covid-vaccination/)
- [COVID-19](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/covid-19/)
- [Activities to Help Your Child or Adolescent Manage Anxiety](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/activities-to-help-your-child-or-adolescent-manage-anxiety/)
- [Managing Anxiety: Tips for Families](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-anxiety-tips-for-families/)
- [Guidelines for Special Time and Time In](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/guidelines-for-special-time-and-time-in/) - “Special time” or “time in” is one-on-one time shared by a child or adolescent and a parent or caregiver.
- [Managing Disruptive or Aggressive Behaviors: Tips for Families](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-disruptive-or-aggressive-behaviors-tips-for-families/)
- [Managing Inattention, Impulsivity, and Hyperactivity: Tips for Families](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-inattention-impulsivity-and-hyperactivity-tips-for-families/)
- [Managing Depression or Sadness: Tips for Families](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-depression-or-sadness-tips-for-families/)
- [Depression in Children and Adolescents: Types and Signs](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-types-and-signs/)
- [Depression in Children and Adolescents: Treatment](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/depression-in-children-and-adolescents-treatment/)
- [Books to Build Character & Teach Your Child Important Values](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/books-to-build-character-teach-your-child-important-values/)
- [Diverse and Inclusive Books For Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diverse-and-inclusive-books-for-children/)
- [Talking to Children About Racial Bias](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/talking-to-children-about-racial-bias/)
- [Talking With Your Children About Racism: Start, Continue the Conversation](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/talking-with-your-children-about-racism-start-continue-the-conversation/)
- [Using Books to Talk With Kids About Race and Racism](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/using-books-to-talk-with-kids-about-race-and-racism/)
- [Sleeping Well: Tips for Parents of Babies and Young Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleeping-well-tips-for-parents-of-babies-and-young-children/)
- [Tips for Parents of Adolescents: Common Concerns](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tips-for-parents-of-adolescents-common-concerns/)
- [Suicide Prevention: Safety Plan](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/suicide-prevention-safety-plan/)
- [Dengue Vaccine](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dengue-vaccine/) - Dengue vaccine can help protect against dengue in people who have had dengue in the past.
- [Mpox: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mpox-what-parents-need-to-know/) - Mpox is a disease that causes fever and rash. It is caused by the monkeypox virus. Mpox infections have been reported in several countries, including the United States.
- [Itching Symptom - Localized](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/itching-symptom-localized/) - Itching on one small area of skin.
- [Substance Use Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/substance-use-information/)
- [Tongue-Tie](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tongue-tie/) - Tongue-tie is when the lingual frenulum is too tight. The frenulum is the normal band of tissue that connects the tongue to the floor of the mouth. In tongue-tie, it connects to the tip of the tongue and limits tongue movement.
- [Vaginal Foreign Body Removal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaginal-foreign-body-removal/)
- [Vaginal Tampon - How to Remove](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaginal-tampon-how-to-remove/)
- [Vaping (E-Cigarette) Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaping-e-cigarette-information/)
- [Tummy Time](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tummy-time/) - Tummy time is a brief period when a baby lies on their belly. Tummy time should only occur with adult supervision while baby is awake.
- [Safe Sleep to Prevent SIDS](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safe-sleep-to-prevent-sids/) - Safe sleep means a baby always sleeps on their back. Safe sleep reduces the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and suffocation.
- [Plagiocephaly (Positional) in Babies](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/plagiocephaly-positional-in-babies/) - Plagiocephaly is a flat area on a baby's head. Baby's head position before or after birth can cause this flattening. That's why it's also called "positional plagiocephaly."
- [Torticollis in Babies](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/torticollis-in-babies/) - Torticollis is when a baby's head is tilted to one side. Tight neck muscles on that side most often cause torticollis.
- [Common Childhood Infections](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/common-childhood-infections/) - Most infections are caused by germs called viruses and bacteria. While you may be able to keep germs from spreading, you can’t always keep your child from getting sick. It is important for parents to know how to keep their children healthy and what to do when they get sick.
- [Temper Tantrums: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/temper-tantrums-what-parents-need-to-know/) - It’s hard for young children to hold strong feelings inside. When they feel frustrated or angry, they often cry, scream, or stomp up and down. This is a temper tantrum.
- [Lawn Mower Safety](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lawn-mower-safety/) - The power lawn mower is one of the most dangerous tools around the home. Each year, nearly 5,000 children are treated in emergency departments for injuries caused by power mowers.
- [Reading: Developing a Love of Books From Birth to Age 5](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/reading-developing-a-love-of-books-from-birth-to-age-5/)
- [Managing Chronic Health Needs in Child Care and Schools—Gastrostomy Tube](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-chronic-health-needs-in-child-care-and-schools-gastrostomy-tube/) - A gastrostomy tube, or “G-tube,” is a small tube placed directly into a child’s stomach for providing food, fluid, or medications without having to go through the mouth.
- [Brief Resolved Unexplained Event: What Parents and Caregivers Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/brief-resolved-unexplained-event-what-parents-and-caregivers-need-to-know/) - When a brief resolved unexplained event occurs, babies may seem to stop breathing, their skin color may change to pale or blue, their muscles may relax or tighten, or they may seem to pass out. After a brief period of time, they recover (with or without any medical help) and are soon back to normal.
- [Teething](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teething-2/) - Teething is the normal process of new teeth working their way through the gums. Teeth come in between 6 and 24 months of age.
- [Preparing Infant Formula: Important Safety Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/preparing-infant-formula-important-safety-information/)
- [Meningococcal B Vaccine](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/meningococcal-b-vaccine/)
- [Protecting your child with the COVID-19 vaccine](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/protecting-your-child-with-the-covid-19-vaccine/)
- [Metal Allergy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/metal-allergy/) - A skin allergy to metal.
- [Mosquito-Borne Infections from Travel](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mosquito-borne-infections-from-travel/) - Mosquitos can spread infections to humans. People who live in or travel to high-risk areas can get these infections.
- [Mosquito-Borne Infections from Travel: Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mosquito-borne-infections-from-travel-prevention/) - Mosquitos can spread infections to humans. People who live in or travel to high-risk areas can get these infections.
- [Parotitis - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parotitis-viral/) - Parotitis is a viral infection of the parotid gland in the face. The parotid gland makes saliva.
- [Pectus Excavatum - Mild](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pectus-excavatum-mild/) - Pectus Excavatum is a birth defect of the chest. The breastbone (sternum) and ribs grow inward.
- [Scoliosis - Mild](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/scoliosis-mild/) - Scoliosis is a sideways curve in the backbone (spine).
- [Shoulder Injury - Minor](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/shoulder-injury-minor/)
- [Super Glue Removal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/super-glue-removal/) - Super Glue is stuck on the skin or another body part. Other common brands are Gorilla Glue, Krazy Glue and Loctite.
- [Urine Protein - Normal Orthostatic Type](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urine-protein-normal-orthostatic-type/) - Normally, there's not much protein in the urine. Sometimes teens can have protein in their urine after standing a long time. The medical name for this condition is orthostatic proteinuria. It's also called postural proteinuria.
- [Vomiting Medicines](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vomiting-medicines/) - Your child vomits (throws up) after taking a medicine.
- [Domestic Violence](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/domestic-violence/) - Domestic violence is when someone hurts their intimate partner. This can be physical, emotional, verbal, or sexual abuse. Other terms are intimate partner violence, partner abuse, or spousal abuse.
- [Colds (Baby)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/colds-baby/) - The common cold is a viral infection of the nose and throat. Main symptoms are a runny nose and sore throat.
- [Cough - Symptom (Baby)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cough-symptom-baby/) - A cough is the sound made when the cough reflex clears the lungs. It helps protect the lungs from infections.
- [Fever (Baby)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever-baby/) - Rectal, Ear or Forehead temperature: 100.4° F (38.0° C) or higher. Under the arm (Armpit) temperature: 99° F (37.2° C) or higher. Caution: birth to 3 months. These babies need to be seen if they have fever. Do not give any fever medicine before being seen.
- [Smoking Tobacco Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/smoking-tobacco-information/)
- [Air Quality Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/air-quality-information/)
- [Alcohol Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/alcohol-information/)
- [Hallucinogenic Mushroom Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hallucinogenic-mushroom-information/)
- [Opioid Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/opioid-information/)
- [Itching Symptom - Widespread](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/itching-symptom-widespread/) - Itching all over the skin.
- [Foot Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/foot-injury/)
- [Hip Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hip-injury/)
- [Transient Synovitis of the Hip](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/transient-synovitis-of-the-hip/) - Transient synovitis is irritation of the hip joint. It causes a limp and pain in the hip or leg.
- [Gas - Excessive](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gas-excessive/) - Passing bowel gas is a normal part of life.
- [Gassy Baby - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gassy-baby-normal/) - All babies pass lots of gas.
- [Encopresis - Toilet Training Resistance Type](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/encopresis-toilet-training-resistance-type/) - Stool leakage (soiling) in a child who is toilet trained. The medical name for stool soiling is encopresis.
- [Encopresis - Stool Holding Type](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/encopresis-stool-holding-type/) - Stool leakage (soiling) in a child who is toilet trained. The medical name for stool soiling is encopresis.
- [Genital Injury - Female](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/genital-injury-female/)
- [Elbow Injury - Minor](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/elbow-injury-minor/)
- [Electrical Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/electrical-injury/)
- [Contraception - Emergency Contraceptive Pills](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/contraception-emergency-contraceptive-pills/) - Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECPs) can prevent pregnancy after having sex.
- [Hand Injury - Minor](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hand-injury-minor/)
- [Heart Murmur - Innocent](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/heart-murmur-innocent/) - A murmur is a musical sound heard when listening to the heart. There are many different types of heart murmurs. The type your child has is called an "innocent heart murmur."
- [Hydrocele - Infant](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hydrocele-infant/) - A hydrocele is fluid around the testicle. This fluid collects in the scrotum (the sac around the testicles).
- [Hydrocele - Teen](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hydrocele-teen/) - A hydrocele is fluid around the testicle. This fluid collects in the scrotum (the sac around the testicles).
- [Feeding Tubes - G and J Tubes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/feeding-tubes-g-and-j-tubes/) - A gastrostomy tube (G-tube) or a jejunostomy tube (J-tube) gives your child liquid food, fluids or medicines.
- [Feeding Tubes - NG and NJ Tubes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/feeding-tubes-ng-and-nj-tubes/) - A nasogastric (NG) or nasojejunal (NJ) feeding tube gives your child liquid food, fluids or medicines.
- [Marijuana (Cannabis) Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/marijuana-cannabis-information/)
- [Menstrual Bleeding - First Period](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/menstrual-bleeding-first-period/) - Menstrual bleeding (your period) is the monthly loss of blood that lines the uterus. It's a normal part of puberty.
- [Menstrual Bleeding - Missed Period](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/menstrual-bleeding-missed-period/) - Menstrual bleeding (your period) is the monthly loss of blood that lines the uterus. It's a normal part of puberty.
- [Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/) - Children with ADHD have problems with poor attention span, hyperactivity, and impulsive behavior.
- [ADHD Student Pledge](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-student-pledge/) - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) means you have trouble paying attention. Studying is harder for you than it is for other people your age.
- [Gynecomastia - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gynecomastia-normal/) - The presence of some breast tissue swelling in a teenage male.
- [Teens - Normal Rebellion](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teens-normal-rebellion/) - During the teenage years, young people work on becoming more independent. Teens rebel against long established parent norms, rules, advice and oversight.
- [Healthy Weight Patient Pledge](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/healthy-weight-patient-pledge/)
- [Dandruff - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dandruff-normal/) - Dandruff means seeing tiny flakes of dead skin cells in the hair.
- [Anemia: Iron Deficiency Type](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anemia-iron-deficiency-type/) - Anemia means that your child doesn't have enough red blood cells.
- [Nasal Rinse - If Child Can Blow Nose](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nasal-rinse-if-child-can-blow-nose/)
- [Nasal Suction - If Child Can't Blow Nose](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nasal-suction-if-child-cant-blow-nose/)
- [Newborn Equipment and Supplies](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-equipment-and-supplies/)
- [Encopresis - Waiting Too Long Type](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/encopresis-waiting-too-long-type/) - Stool leakage (soiling) in a child who is toilet trained. The medical name for stool soiling is encopresis.
- [Fingernail Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fingernail-injury/)
- [Knee Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/knee-injury/)
- [Self-Harm](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/self-harm/) - Self-harm is when a child or teen hurts her body on purpose.
- [Tooth Decay Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tooth-decay-prevention/) - Tooth decay destroys the enamel (hard part) of a tooth. When tooth decay causes a hole through the enamel, it's called a cavity.
- [Wetting - Waiting Too Long Type](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/wetting-waiting-too-long-type/) - Daytime wetting in a child who is toilet trained.
- [Sickle Cell Trait](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sickle-cell-trait/) - Sickle cell trait means you have one of the genes that causes a blood disorder known as sickle cell disease. To have the disease, you must have two of these genes.
- [Urethritis from Soap - in Young Boys](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urethritis-from-soap-in-young-boys/) - Urethritis is when the urethra becomes irritated or infected.
- [Urethritis from Soap - in Young Girls](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urethritis-from-soap-in-young-girls/) - Urethritis is when the urethra becomes irritated or infected.
- [Ankle Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ankle-injury/)
- [Cast Care - Leg](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cast-care-leg/) - A cast is a hard shell that completely covers a bone fracture. Also called a full cast. It keeps broken bones from moving until they heal. That also reduces pain.
- [Splint Care - Arm](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/splint-care-arm/) - A splint is a padded piece of fiberglass or plaster. Also called a half cast.
- [Splint Care - Leg](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/splint-care-leg/) - A splint is a padded piece of fiberglass or plaster. Also called a half cast.
- [Sacral Dimple - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sacral-dimple-normal/) - A dimple is a small pit or depression in the skin. Location: in the midline (center) of the lowest part of the back. It is near the tip of the tailbone. You can feel the tailbone under it.
- [Soft Spot in Babies - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/soft-spot-in-babies-normal/) - The soft spot is a diamond shaped area on the top of the head. The medical name for this non-bony spot is the anterior fontanel.
- [Nose Foreign Body Removal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nose-foreign-body-removal/) - Child put a foreign body in their nose.
- [Tailbone Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tailbone-injury/) - The tailbone is the small bone at the lower end of the spine.
- [Nausea - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nausea-symptom/) - A feeling that vomiting might occur and feeling “sick to the stomach” (queasy).
- [Straining and Grunting Baby - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/straining-and-grunting-baby-normal/) - Grunting, straining and pushing to pass a stool. This is normal during the first 3 months.
- [Hot Tub Dermatitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hot-tub-dermatitis/) - A painful or itchy rash caused by overgrowth of bacteria in hot tubs.
- [Hoarse Voice - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hoarse-voice-symptom/) - A hoarse voice (or cry) is raspy and deeper than normal.
- [Headache - Stress Related](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/headache-stress-related/) - Headaches often are caused by stress.
- [Heart Rate Fast - Normal Causes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/heart-rate-fast-normal-causes/) - Your child’s heart rate (HR) sometimes speeds up. It seems too fast.
- [Fainting - Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fainting-prevention/) - Fainting is a sudden, brief loss of consciousness and falling down. Also called passing out or blacking out.
- [Breast Pain Before Periods](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breast-pain-before-periods/) - Breast pain and swelling during the week before menstrual periods.
- [STI Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sti-prevention/) - STI stands for Sexually Transmitted Infection.
- [Newborn Skin Care](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-skin-care/) - Newborns have sensitive skin. It can easily become irritated by all the new chemicals and fabrics that touch it. Rashes and tiny bumps are normal.
- [Low Body Temperature - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/low-body-temperature-normal/) - Most temperatures measured below 98.6 F (37 C) are normal. The number 98.6 F is only our average daily temperature.
- [Newborn Urine - Pink or Brick Dust Color](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-urine-pink-or-brick-dust-color/) - A pink or peach color to the urine found in some normal newborns. It stays on the surface of the diaper and looks like a powder or brick-dust.
- [Sweating - Stress Related](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sweating-stress-related/) - Some teens sweat profusely when nervous.
- [Your Child's Eyes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-childs-eyes/) - Eye exams by your child’s doctor are an important way to identify problems with your child’s vision. Problems that are found early have a better chance of being treated successfully. Read on for information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about your child’s vision, including signs of vision problems and information on various eye conditions.
- [Your Child's Growth: Developmental Milestones](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-childs-growth-developmental-milestones/) - Watching a young child grow is a wonderful and unique experience for a parent. Learning to sit up, walk, and talk are some of the major developmental milestones your child will achieve.
- [Your Child Has a Sore Throat: What's the Cause?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-child-has-a-sore-throat-whats-the-cause/) - A sore throat is one of the most common concerns among parents of school-aged children. Here is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about sore throats and their causes. Also included is information about strep throat tests, tonsillitis, how to prevent the spread of germs, and when to call the doctor.
- [Your Child's Mental Health: When to Seek Help and Where to Get Help](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-childs-mental-health-when-to-seek-help-and-where-to-get-help/) - Have you noticed a recent change in your child's behavior? Is she having trouble getting along with friends? Is he failing school? Is this new behavior affecting your family?
- [Your Family's Mental Health: 10 Ways to Improve Mood Naturally](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-familys-mental-health-10-ways-to-improve-mood-naturally/) - Great physical health is characterized by strength, flexibility, comfort, energy, endurance, and coordination. Similarly, great mental health includes feeling cheerful, hopeful, confident, resilient, adaptable, and connected to the people and world around us. Developing and maintaining a healthy lifestyle is the foundation for physical and mental health.
- [Your Preemie’s Growth: Developmental Milestones](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-preemies-growth-developmental-milestones/) - Information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about developmental milestones for your preterm baby (also known as preemie).
- [Bright Futures Patient Handout: 11-14 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-patient-handout-11-14-years/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family.
- [Smoking and E-cigarettes: What Teens Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/smoking-and-e-cigarettes-what-teens-need-to-know/) - Many people think that the only people harmed by tobacco use are smokers who have smoked for a long time. The fact is that tobacco use can be harmful to everyone. This includes unborn babies and people who don’t smoke.
- [Anxiety Attack](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anxiety-attack/) - Symptoms: fast, deep breathing (hyperventilation), fast heart rate and feeling dizzy. The body goes on total "red alert". Also called a panic attack.
- [Sleep - Bedtime Resistance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-bedtime-resistance/) - Young children who try to postpone bedtime.
- [Hiccups or Burps - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hiccups-or-burps-normal/) - Hiccups are repeated gulping sounds caused by sudden spasms of the diaphragm. Burping is the sound made by the sudden release of stomach air through the mouth.
- [Swimmer's Itch](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/swimmers-itch/) - An itchy harmless rash caused by tiny parasites in fresh water lakes.
- [Jellyfish Sting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/jellyfish-sting/)
- [Menstrual Cramps](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/menstrual-cramps/) - Cramps in the lower belly or back. They start during the first 1 or 2 days of a girl's period.
- [Scorpion Sting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/scorpion-sting/)
- [Swallowed Harmless Substance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/swallowed-harmless-substance/) - Your child swallowed an unusual but harmless substance.
- [Wildfire Smoke Exposure](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/wildfire-smoke-exposure/) - Wildfire smoke exposure, mainly from forest fires. The most common symptoms are coughing, a congested nose and watery eyes.
- [Mountain Sickness](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mountain-sickness/) - Symptoms that occur with travel to a high altitude, also called Altitude Sickness.
- [Swallowed Small Object](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/swallowed-small-object/) - Small harmless solid object swallowed.
- [Cast Care - Arm](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cast-care-arm/) - A cast is a hard shell that completely covers a bone fracture. Also called a full cast. It keeps broken bones from moving until they heal. That also reduces pain.
- [What is a Pediatric Surgeon?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-surgeon/) - If your child has an illness, injury, or disease that requires surgery, a Pediatric Surgeon has the experience and qualifications to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Urologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-urologist/) - If your child has an illness or disease of the genitals or urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, bladder), a Pediatric Urologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric/Neonatal Critical Care Transport Team?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-neonatal-critical-care-transport-team/) - If your newborn is premature or your child has a critical illness or injury requiring transportation from one medical facility to another, your newborn or child may require the care of a Pediatric/Neonatal Critical Care Transport Team.
- [What is an Adolescent Health Specialist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-an-adolescent-health-specialist/) - If your child is between the ages of 11 and 21 years, he or she may benefit from the care of an Adolescent Health Specialist.
- [Clean Intermittent Catheterization for Girls](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/clean-intermittent-catheterization-for-girls/) - Information from the American Academy of Pediatrics that will help you understand the basics of clean intermittent catherization (CIC).
- [Clean Intermittent Catheterization for Boys](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/clean-intermittent-catheterization-for-boys/) - Information from the American Academy of Pediatrics that will help you understand the basics of clean intermittent catherization (CIC).
- [What's to Eat? Healthy Foods for Hungry Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/whats-to-eat-healthy-foods-for-hungry-children/) - Young children need a variety of foods to get the energy they need to grow up healthy. Read on for information from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) on creative ways to serve up breakfast and lunch, tips for picky eaters, and how to make healthy fast-food choices. Also read some tips about food safety, choking hazards, food allergies, and microwave safety. If you have specific questions about your child's nutrition, talk with your child's doctor or a registered dietitian.
- [When is an Athlete Ready to Return to Play? (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/when-is-an-athlete-ready-to-return-to-play-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - One of the first questions an athlete will ask following injury or illness is, "When can I play again?" The answer is rarely quick or simple. Return-to-play decisions can be controversial and a source of conflict between health care providers and others. Return-to-play decisions that are too strict, too lenient, or too arbitrary can lead to unhealthy and unsatisfactory outcomes.
- [When to See a Doctor (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/when-to-see-a-doctor-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - A safe and speedy return to activity following a sports injury or an illness depends on early recognition and treatment. Knowing when to see your doctor is an important step in this process. With major injuries or illnesses, there is little doubt about the need to seek medical attention. However, it is much more difficult to know when to seek help if there is no obvious trauma or if the symptoms don’t get in the way of playing. Many overuse injuries, such as tendonitis or stress fractures, happen over time and often have subtle symptoms. The result can be a delay in diagnosis and treatment, and delays can lead to a more serious or disabling injury.
- [When Your Child Needs Emergency Medical Services](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/when-your-child-needs-emergency-medical-services/) - It is rare for children to become seriously ill with no warning. Depending on your child's symptoms, you usually should contact your child's pediatrician for advice. Early recognition and treatment of symptoms can prevent an illness or injury from getting worse or turning into an emergency.
- [Whining and Pestering](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/whining-and-pestering/) - Whining is a verbal temper tantrum. Compared to screaming tantrums, it’s a step up the developmental ladder. Some examples of whining behavior are: A child who won’t take No for an answer. He keeps repeating his demand for something you’ve told him he can’t have or do.
- [Wound Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/wound-infection/) - A break in the skin (a wound) shows signs of infection. Signs of infection include pus, spreading redness, increased pain or swelling, and fever.
- [Wrestling (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/wrestling-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Wrestling is the oldest known sport, dating back to prehistoric times. Today it's the fourth most common sport in which athletes from different schools compete against each other. There are more than 50 kinds of wrestling. The most common types include folkstyle, freestyle, Greco-Roman, sumo, and professional.
- [Young Children Learn A Lot When They Play](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/young-children-learn-a-lot-when-they-play/)
- [Your Child’s First Vaccines (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-childs-first-vaccines-vis/) - The vaccines covered on this statement are those most likely to be given during the same visits during infancy and early childhood.
- [Your Baby's First Steps](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-babys-first-steps/) - Learning to walk takes practice. Each child will learn to coordinate and balance at different rates. You can expect some wobbling and falling down at first, but before you know it, your child will be running circles around you.
- [When a Baby’s Head Is Misshapen: Positional Skull Deformities](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/when-a-babys-head-is-misshapen-positional-skull-deformities/) - Many parents wonder if the shape of their newborn's head is normal. Maybe it seems a bit flat in the back or uneven on one side. Most of these slight imperfections happen when infants spend too much time in one position such as in a crib, a car safety seat, or an infant carrier. The good news is that most of the time the shape of the head returns to normal on its own by simply changing your baby's position regularly. This publication was written by the American Academy of Pediatrics to answer questions from parents about their newborn's head shape.
- [Your Child and the Environment](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-child-and-the-environment/) - Environmental dangers are everywhere. Most of these dangers are more harmful to children than adults. However, there are things you can do to reduce your child's contact with them. Read more to learn about how to protect your family from environmental dangers.
- [Your Child and Medications: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-child-and-medications-autism-toolkit/) - While medications will not change your child’s autism spectrum disorder (ASD), they can be helpful when added to other treatments to help your child’s development and learning.
- [Your Child is on the Move: Reduce the Risk of Gun Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/your-child-is-on-the-move-reduce-the-risk-of-gun-injury/)
- [What is a Pediatric Critical Care Specialist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-critical-care-specialist/) - If your child has an illness or injury that results in your child being in an unstable critical condition, a hospital-based Pediatric Critical Care Specialist (pediatric intensivist) can be called on to provide the special care that your child needs. Some conditions that may cause your child to be unstable and critical include the following:
- [What is a Pediatric Dentist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-dentist/) - Pediatric Dentists are dedicated to the oral health of children from infancy through the teen years. They have the experience and qualifications to care for a child's teeth, gums, and mouth throughout the various stages of childhood.
- [What is a Pediatric Dermatologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-dermatologist/) - If your child has skin conditions such as birthmarks, eczema, warts, or psoriasis, a Pediatric Dermatologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child. Pediatric dermatologists treat a variety of pediatric skin conditions using the latest available treatment methods. Pediatric dermatologists treat children from birth through adolescence.
- [What is a Pediatric Emergency Physician?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-emergency-physician/) - A Pediatric Emergency Physician is a specialist in the care of children and teens who are acutely ill or injured. A pediatric emergency physician is trained to care for a wide range of problems that require immediate medical help. These problems are often serious and may be life-threatening.
- [What is a Pediatric Endocrinologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-endocrinologist/) - If your child has problems with growth, puberty, diabetes, or other disorders related to the hormones and the glands that produce them, a Pediatric Endocrinologist may treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Gastroenterologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-gastroenterologist/) - If your child has a digestive system, liver, or nutritional problem, a Pediatric Gastroenterologist has the expertise to treat your child. Digestive, liver, and nutritional problems in children often are quite different from those seen in adults. Specialized training and experience in pediatric gastroenterology are important.
- [What is a Pediatric Geneticist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-geneticist/) - Fortunately, most children are born healthy with no medical problems or birth defects. However, some children are born with differences in body structure, brain development, or body chemistry that can lead to problems with health, development, school performance, and/or social interaction. Pediatric Geneticists are trained to identify the causes and natural history of these disorders. They may suggest tests and treatments that can help in understanding and caring for your child's condition. Pediatric geneticists also can help families understand whether some conditions are hereditary (coming from the genes) and offer testing to family members who may be at risk for having children with similar problems.
- [What is a Pediatric Hematologist/Oncologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-hematologist-oncologist/) - If your child or teen has a blood disease or cancer, a Pediatric Hematologist/Oncologist has the experience and qualifications to evaluate and treat your child or teen. The unique nature of care of children or teens with blood diseases and cancer is learned from advanced training and experience in practice. Pediatric hematologists/oncologists treat children and teens from birth through young adulthood.
- [What is a Pediatric Hospitalist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-hospitalist/) - If your child has an illness or injury requiring hospitalization, he or she may be cared for by a Pediatric Hospitalist.
- [What is a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-infectious-diseases-specialist/) - If your child has a recurring or persistent disease caused by an infectious agent such as bacteria, a fungus, a parasite, or other rare infection, a Pediatric Infectious Diseases Specialist has the experience and qualifications to help your pediatrician diagnose and treat your child. Pediatric infectious diseases specialists treat children from birth through the teen years.
- [What is a Pediatric Nephrologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-nephrologist/) - If your child has kidney or urinary tract disease, bladder problems, or high blood pressure, a Pediatric Nephrologist has the special skills and experience to treat your child. Pediatric nephrologists treat children from infancy through late adolescence.
- [What is a Pediatric Neurosurgeon?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-neurosurgeon/) - If your child has problems involving the head, spine, or nervous system, a Pediatric Neurosurgeon has the experience and qualifications to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Ophthalmologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-ophthalmologist/) - If your child has an eye problem, is having difficulty with a vision screening exam or has difficulty reading or learning, or needs surgery or medical treatment for an illness affecting the eyes, a Pediatric Ophthalmologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Orthopedic Surgeon?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-orthopedic-surgeon/) - If your child has musculoskeletal (bone) problems, a Pediatric Orthopedic Surgeon has the experience and qualifications to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Otolaryngologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-otolaryngologist/) - If your child needs surgical or complex medical treatment for illnesses or problems affecting the ear, nose, or throat, a Pediatric Otolaryngologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child. Many general otolaryngologists provide surgical care for children. However, in many areas of the country, more specialized otolaryngology care is available for children.
- [What is a Pediatric Plastic Surgeon?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-plastic-surgeon/) - If your child needs surgery to fix a deformity caused by a birth defect, injury, illness, or tumor, a Pediatric Plastic Surgeon has the experience and qualifications to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Pulmonologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-pulmonologist/) - If your child has breathing problems, or a problem with his or her lungs, a Pediatric Pulmonologist has the experience and qualifications to treat your child. Pediatric pulmonologists diagnose, treat and manage children from birth to 21 years old with breathing and lung diseases.
- [What is a Pediatric Radiologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-radiologist/) - A Pediatric Radiologist is an expert in the diagnosis of illnesses, injuries, and diseases of infants, children, and adolescents, using imaging techniques and equipment.
- [What is a Pediatric Rheumatologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-rheumatologist/) - If your child has complaints of pain in the musculoskeletal system (joints, muscles, bones, or tendons), other symptoms of arthritis, or an autoimmune disorder, your pediatrician may recommend a Pediatric Rheumatologist.
- [What is a Pediatric Sports Medicine Specialist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-sports-medicine-specialist/) - If your child or teenager has an injury or illness that affects sports performance, exercise, or activity, a Pediatric Sports Medicine Specialist has the expertise, experience, and qualifications to treat his or her youth-specific problems.
- [Viral Rash](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/viral-rash/) - A pink rash that is all over the body. The rash is part of a viral illness
- [Vomiting (Age 1-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vomiting-age-1-5/) - Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting
- [Vomiting (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vomiting-age-6-21/) - Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting.
- [Vomiting (Baby on Breastmilk)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vomiting-baby-on-breastmilk/) - Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting.
- [Vomiting (Baby on Formula)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vomiting-baby-on-formula/) - Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting
- [Vulvitis from Soap](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vulvitis-from-soap/) - Irritation of the vulva (external genitals) from soap or other irritants. Mainly occurs in young girls before school age
- [Wart - Plantar](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/wart-plantar/) - A wart on the bottom of the foot (plantar surface). Viral infection of the skin
- [Warts](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/warts/) - Warts are small raised growths that have a rough surface. Viral infection of the skin
- [Water Polo (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/water-polo-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Water polo is an intense sport that requires athletes to tread water and swim for long periods. There is a version for younger athletes that allows them to stand in shallow water or hang onto the side of the pool, but this is illegal in competitive water polo.
- [Water Safety for Your School-aged Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/water-safety-for-your-school-aged-child/) - Swimming and playing in water can give your child much pleasure and good exercise. But you must take steps to prevent your child from drowning.
- [Weaning From the Bottle - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/weaning-from-the-bottle-normal/) - Weaning is the replacement of bottle feedings with drinking from a cup. It means an end to nipple feedings. Weaning usually occurs easily and smoothly.
- [Weaning From the Bottle - Resistance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/weaning-from-the-bottle-resistance/) - You want to stop bottle feeding, but your child resists. Excessive bottle feeding means more than 4 times per day after 6 months.
- [Weaning From the Breast - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/weaning-from-the-breast-normal/) - Weaning is the replacement of feedings from the breast with drinking from a cup or bottle. It means an end to feeding at the breast. Weaning usually occurs easily and smoothly.
- [Weaning From the Breast - Resistance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/weaning-from-the-breast-resistance/) - You want to stop breastfeeding, but your child resists. Excessive breastfeeding means nursing more than 4 times per day after 6 months. Excessive breastfeeding also means nursing for the wrong reasons.
- [Welcome to the World of Parenting!](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/welcome-to-the-world-of-parenting/)
- [What is a Child Neurologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-child-neurologist/) - If your child has problems involving the nervous system, a Child Neurologist has the special training and experience to treat your child. Examples of such problems are seizures, delayed speech, weakness, or headaches.
- [What is a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrician?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-developmental-behavioral-pediatrician/) - If your child has a developmental, learning, or behavioral problem, a Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrician has the training and expertise to evaluate and care for your child. Developmental-behavioral pediatricians possess training and experience to consider, in their assessments and treatments, the medical and psychosocial aspects of children's and adolescents' developmental and behavioral problems.
- [What is a Neonatologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-neonatologist/) - Although your pediatrician can solve most health problems of newborns, a Neonatologist is trained specifically to handle the most complex and high-risk situations.
- [What is a Pediatric Allergist/Immunologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-allergist-immunologist/) - If your child suffers from allergies or other problems with his immune system, a Pediatric Allergist/Immunologist has special skills to treat your child.
- [What is a Pediatric Anesthesiologist?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/what-is-a-pediatric-anesthesiologist/) - If your child has an illness, injury, or disease that requires surgery, a Pediatric Anesthesiologist has the experience and qualifications to assist in the treatment and to help ensure a successful surgery for your child.
- [Umbilical Cord - Bleeding](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-cord-bleeding/) - Bleeding occurs from cord’s point of separation. The navel is also called the belly button or umbilicus
- [Umbilical Cord - Cord Care](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-cord-cord-care/) - Questions about how to care for the normal umbilical cord or navel in newborns. The navel is also called the belly button or umbilicus.
- [Umbilical Cord - Delayed Separation Past 3 Weeks](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-cord-delayed-separation-past-3-weeks/) - Cord is still attached after 3 weeks. The navel is also called the belly button or umbilicus
- [Umbilical Cord - Minor Infection of Cord or Navel](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-cord-minor-infection-of-cord-or-navel/) - Umbilicus (navel) has a cloudy discharge or even some dried pus on the surface. The navel is also called the belly button or umbilicus.
- [Umbilical Cord - Normal Navel Care After Cord Falls Off](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-cord-normal-navel-care-after-cord-falls-off/) - Questions about how to care for the navel in newborns. The navel is also called the belly button or umbilicus.
- [Umbilical Granuloma](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-granuloma/) - A small red growth found in the navel after the cord falls off. The navel is also called the belly button or umbilicus.
- [Umbilical Hernia](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/umbilical-hernia/) - A bulge or swelling in the area of the umbilicus (navel or belly button).
- [Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (Female)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urinary-tract-infection-uti-female/) - A bacterial infection of the bladder. Also called cystitis
- [Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) (Male)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urinary-tract-infection-uti-male/) - A bacterial infection of the bladder. Also called cystitis
- [Urinary Tract Infections in Young Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urinary-tract-infections-in-young-children/) - Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in young children. These infections can lead to serious health problems. UTIs may go untreated because the symptoms may not be obvious to the child or the parents. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about UTIs—what they are, how children get them, and how they are treated.
- [Urination Pain - Symptom (Female)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urination-pain-symptom-female/) - Pain, burning or stinging when passing urine. Suspect pain if a young child starts to cry while passing urine
- [Urination Pain - Symptom (Male)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urination-pain-symptom-male/) - Pain, burning or stinging when passing urine. Suspect pain if a young child starts to cry while passing urine
- [Use of Ice and Heat (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/use-of-ice-and-heat-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Ice and heat are often used in treating injuries.
- [Use of Medicines in Sports (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/use-of-medicines-in-sports-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - The primary use of medicines in sports is to treat pain and inflammation. Athletes may also take medicines to treat specific medical conditions, such as asthma or diabetes, or to treat common illnesses, like colds, congestion, cough, allergies, diarrhea, and skin infections.
- [Use of Psychostimulant Medication: Tips for Teens: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/use-of-psychostimulant-medication-tips-for-teens-adhd-toolkit/) - Stimulant medications are defined as controlled substances under federal and state regulations. The possession of stimulant medication without a prescription is against the law
- [Vaccine Concerns - You're Undecided](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaccine-concerns-youre-undecided/) - You are undecided about giving your child some of the recommended vaccines. Or you are thinking about delaying some of the vaccines.
- [Vaccine Reactions - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaccine-reactions-normal/) - A reaction to a recent immunization (vaccine) shot. Most reactions are at the injection site (such as pain, swelling, redness)
- [Vaccine Reactions - Specific Details](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaccine-reactions-specific-details/) - A reaction to a recent immunization (vaccine). Most reactions are at the shot site (such as pain, swelling, redness)
- [Vaccines - Infections They Prevent](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaccines-infections-they-prevent/) - Vaccines can protect your child from 16 severe infections. In the past, these infections killed thousands of children each year.
- [Varicella (Chickenpox) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/varicella-chickenpox-vaccine-vis/) - Chickenpox (also called varicella) is a common childhood disease. It is usually mild, but it can be serious, especially in young infants and adults.
- [Tips for Healthy Families: More and Less](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tips-for-healthy-families-more-and-less/) - According to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, Americans are not getting enough potassium, dietary fiber, calcium, and vitamin D in their diets and consume too much sugar, sodium (salt), and fat. Here are tips to help you and your family make more healthy choices and less unhealthy choices. Start with small changes. Remember that parents are important role models and what children learn early on can carry through adulthood.
- [Tips for Parents of Adolescents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tips-for-parents-of-adolescents/) - Most importantly, let your teen know that he or she can talk with you and his or her doctor about dating and relationships. Offer your guidance throughout this important stage in your teen's life.
- [Toe Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toe-injury/) - Injuries to toes.
- [Toenail - Ingrown](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toenail-ingrown/) - The corner of the toenail grows into the skin around it. Almost always involves the big toe (great toe)
- [Toilet Readiness Training](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toilet-readiness-training/) - Readiness training means preparing your child for later potty training. It increases his or her chances of success.
- [Toilet Training - How to Start](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toilet-training-how-to-start/) - Your goal is to toilet train your child. Your child will be toilet trained when without reminders he can: Walk to the potty. Pull down his pants.
- [Toilet Training](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toilet-training/) - Teaching your child how to use the toilet takes time and patience. Each child learns to use the toilet in his or her own time. Here is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics to help guide you and your child through the process.
- [Toilet Training Resistance - Constipation from Stool Holding](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toilet-training-resistance-constipation-from-stool-holding/) - A child who refuses to be toilet trained and passes stools into his underwear. The medical term is encopresis.
- [Toilet Training Resistance - Encopresis without Constipation](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toilet-training-resistance-encopresis-without-constipation/) - A child who refuses to be toilet trained. He passes stools into his underwear or pull-up. The medical term for this is encopresis.
- [Tongue - Geographic](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tongue-geographic/) - Map-like red patches on the tongue. Cause not known
- [Tonsil Infection - Strep](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tonsil-infection-strep/) - A bacterial infection of the tonsils caused by Strep. Also called Strep tonsillitis
- [Tonsil Infection - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tonsil-infection-viral/) - A viral infection of the tonsils. Also called viral tonsillitis
- [Tonsils and the Adenoid](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tonsils-and-the-adenoid/) - The hospital may have a special program to help you and your child get familiar with the hospital and the surgery. If the hospital allows, try to stay with your child during the entire hospital visit. Let your child know you'll be nearby during the entire operation. Your pediatrician can also help you and your child understand the operation and make it less frightening in the process. A little ice cream afterwards won't hurt either.
- [Tooth Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tooth-injury/) - Injury to a tooth
- [Toothache](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toothache/) - Pain or discomfort in a tooth
- [Trampolines: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/trampolines-what-you-need-to-know/) - If you choose to have a home trampoline, the AAP recommends the following safety precautions: adult supervision at all times, only one jumper on the trampoline at a time, and no somersaults should be performed. Also, trampolines should have adequate protective padding that is in good condition and appropriately placed. All equipment should be checked often and protective padding, the net enclosure, and any other parts should be repaired or replaced when damaged. Parents should check their homeowner's policy and obtain a rider to cover trampoline-related injuries if not included in the basic policy.
- [Treating Your Child's Pain: Medical Procedures](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/treating-your-childs-pain-medical-procedures/) - During certain medical procedures, your child may experience pain. These procedures can include having blood drawn, having breathing or feeding tubes put in, or lumbar punctures (spinal taps). Luckily, pain from these activities does not last long. Read on to find out how your child's pain from medical procedures can be managed.
- [Treating Your Child's Pain: Surgery](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/treating-your-childs-pain-surgery/) - Often after children have surgery, they have problems with pain. Luckily, there are ways to help ease this type of pain. Read on to find out how your child's pain from surgery can be managed.
- [Treatment of Sports Injuries (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/treatment-of-sports-injuries-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - There is often more than one way to effectively treat an injury. Treatment programs are always adjusted to meet the individual needs of the athlete and the unique requirements of the athlete's sport or activity.
- [Type 2 Diabetes: Tips for Healthy Living](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/type-2-diabetes-tips-for-healthy-living/) - Children with type 2 diabetes can live a healthy life. If your child has been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, your child's doctor will talk with you about the importance of lifestyle and medication in keeping your child's blood glucose (blood sugar) levels under control.
- [Temper Tantrums](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/temper-tantrums/) - Tantrums are normal in toddlers. Tantrums may include whining, crying, screaming or yelling. It may also include pounding the floor, slamming a door, or breath-holding. Also called meltdowns or emotional outbursts.
- [Td (Tetanus, Diphtheria) VIS](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/td-tetanus-diphtheria-vis/) - Tetanus and diphtheria are very serious diseases. They are rare in the United States today, but people who do become infected often have severe complications. Td vaccine is used to protect adolescents and adults from both of these diseases.
- [Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tdap-tetanus-diphtheria-and-pertussis-vaccine-vis/) - Tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis are very serious diseases. Tdap vaccine can protect us from these diseases. And, Tdap vaccine given to pregnant women can protect newborn babies against pertussis.
- [Teaching Good Behavior: Tips on How to Discipline](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teaching-good-behavior-tips-on-how-to-discipline/)
- [Teen Dating Violence: Tips for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teen-dating-violence-tips-for-parents/)
- [Teen Suicide and Guns](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teen-suicide-and-guns/)
- [Teen Suicide, Mood Disorder, and Depression](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teen-suicide-mood-disorder-and-depression/) - Thousands of teens commit suicide each year in the United States. In fact, suicide is the third leading cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds.
- [Home Drug Testing: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/home-drug-testing-what-parents-need-to-know/) - Remember that your teen’s doctor can help assess whether your teen has a drug problem and a laboratory test is not always needed. However, if a drug test is recommended, your teen should know about it. The American Academy of Pediatrics opposes drug tests without a teen’s knowledge and consent.
- [The Child as a Passenger on an Adult's Bicycle](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/the-child-as-a-passenger-on-an-adults-bicycle/) - A young passenger on an adult's bike makes the bike unstable and increases the braking time.
- [The Female Athlete Triad (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/the-female-athlete-triad-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Female athlete triad refers to the combination of 3 medical conditions—eating problems, menstrual problems, and weak bones—seen in competitive female athletes. Prevention of the female athlete triad is important because it can interfere with normal growth and development, cause injury, and result in loss of strength and endurance.
- [Thin Body Type (Normal Slenderness)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/thin-body-type-normal-slenderness/) - Your child looks thin or slender. Their weight is more than 20% below the ideal weight for their height. However, your child is well-nourished, with a normal fat tissue layer (8–12 mm). This is measured by a skinfold calipers.
- [Throat  Infection - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/throat-infection-viral/) - A viral infection of the throat
- [Throat Infection - Strep](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/throat-infection-strep/) - A bacterial infection of the throat caused by Strep
- [Thrush](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/thrush/) - Thrush is a yeast infection of the mouth in young babies. White patches in the front of the mouth are the hallmark
- [Smoking and E-cigarettes: What Parents Need to Know About the Risks of Tobacco Use](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/smoking-and-e-cigarettes-what-parents-need-to-know-about-the-risks-of-tobacco-use/) - Many people think that the only people harmed by tobacco use are smokers who have smoked for a long time. The fact is that tobacco use can be harmful to everyone. This includes unborn babies and people who don’t smoke.
- [Thumbs, Fingers, and Pacifiers](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/thumbs-fingers-and-pacifiers/) - The good news is that most children stop their sucking habits before they get very far in school. This is because of peer pressure. While your child might still use sucking as a way of going to sleep or calming down when upset, this is usually done in private and is not harmful. Putting too much pressure on your child to stop may cause more harm than good. Be assured your child will eventually stop the habit on her own.
- [Tick Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tick-bite/) - A tick (small brown bug) is attached to the skin. A tick was removed from the skin.
- [Time-Out Technique](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/time-out-technique/) - Time-out means putting a child in a boring place for a few minutes to correct a misbehavior. It’s the most effective consequence (discipline technique) for misbehavior in 2- to 5-year-old children. Every parent needs to know how to give a time-out.
- [Tinea Versicolor](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tinea-versicolor/) - Skin infection of teens and adults caused by a fungus. Tinea versicolor means "ringworm of many colors"
- [Tips for Getting Your Children to Wear Bicycle Helmets](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tips-for-getting-your-children-to-wear-bicycle-helmets/) - Have your children wear helmets as soon as they start to ride tricycles and if they are a passenger on the back of an adult's bike. If they learn to wear helmets whenever they ride tricycles and bikes, it becomes a habit for a lifetime. It's never too late, however, to get your children into helmets. Allow your child to participate in choosing their helmet. They'll be able to let you know if it is comfortable. And if they like the design, they are more likely to wear it.
- [Starting Solid Foods](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/starting-solid-foods/) - Rice, oatmeal, or barley? What infant cereal or other food will be on the menu for your baby's first solid meal? And have you set a date?
- [Staying Cool When Things Heat Up](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/staying-cool-when-things-heat-up/)
- [Steroids: Play Safe, Play Fair](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/steroids-play-safe-play-fair/) - You play to win. You're always looking for a way to get an edge over your opponents.
- [Stools - Unusual Color](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/stools-unusual-color/) - The stool color is strange or different. Normal stool colors are any shade of brown, tan, yellow or green. Colors that may be caused by a disease are red, black and white. Dark green may look like black, but dark green is a normal color.
- [Strength Training (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/strength-training-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Strength training (or resistance training) uses a resistance to increase an individual's ability to exert force. It involves the use of weight machines, free weights, bands or tubing, or the individual's own body weight. This is not the same as Olympic lifting, power lifting, or body building, which requires the use of ballistic movements and maximum lifts and is not recommended for children.
- [Strep Exposure](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/strep-exposure/) - Close contact with someone who has a Strep throat infection. Close contact means living in the same house with the infected person. It also includes close physical contact such as having a kissing relationship.
- [Stress Fractures (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/stress-fractures-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Stress fracture (also called a fatigue fracture) is a weakening or thin crack in a bone caused by repetitive stress on the bone. A stress fracture is an overuse injury. It is different from a fracture that occurs after a traumatic event, such as a fall. Stress fractures are more common in endurance athletes or athletes who perform repetitive, high-impact activities.
- [Stubborn Toddler](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/stubborn-toddler/) - Your child says No to many normal requests. Your child disagrees with many of your normal suggestions. Your child constantly tests your rules
- [Students With Chronic Health Conditions: Guidance for Families, Schools, and Students](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/students-with-chronic-health-conditions-guidance-for-families-schools-and-students/) - School is more than a place to gain knowledge and skills. It also is a place where children meet new friends and learn about themselves and other important life lessons. Because children spend many hours in school, it is important that it be a safe and supportive environment for all children.
- [Sty](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sty-2/) - A sty is a red lump or pimple on the edge of an eyelid.
- [Substance Abuse Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/substance-abuse-prevention/) - The use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs is one of the biggest temptations facing young people today. As a parent, you are your child's best protection against drug use. You can start by telling your children that you expect them not to use drugs and become informed yourself about drug use. This publication was written by the American Academy of Pediatrics to help you identify the warning signs of drug use and provides tips on how to help your child (especially during the preteen and teen years) say no to drugs.
- [Sunburn](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sunburn/) - Red or blistered skin from too much sun. The redness, pain and swelling starts at 4 hours
- [Suture Questions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/suture-questions/) - Common questions about sutures or stitches. Stapled wounds are treated the same as sutured wounds
- [Swimming (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/swimming-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Swimming is a sport in which there is a great diversity among participants. There are both recreational and competitive swimmers, ranging in age from preschool through college.
- [Talking With Your Teen About Sex](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/talking-with-your-teen-about-sex/) - Children are exposed to sexual messages every day—on TV, on the Internet, in movies, in magazines, and in music. Sex in the media is so common that you might think that teens today already know all they need to about sex. They may even claim to know it all, so sex is something you just don't talk about. Unfortunately, only a small amount of what is seen in the media shows responsible sexual behavior or gives correct information.
- [Talking With Your Teen: Tips for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/talking-with-your-teen-tips-for-parents/)
- [Talking With Your Young Child About Sex](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/talking-with-your-young-child-about-sex/) - Children begin learning about sex and sexuality as soon as they are able to view, listen, and sense the world around them. As your children grow and develop, they may giggle with friends about "private parts," share "dirty" jokes, and look up taboo words in the dictionary. Their curiosity is natural, and children of all ages have questions.
- [Tattooing and Body Piercing](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tattooing-and-body-piercing/) - Teens get tattoos or body parts pierced for different reasons. Most teens get a tattoo or body piercing because they like the way it looks or to express themselves. Some get a tattoo or piercing to feel like part of a group. In some states and cities, you need to be 18 or have a parent's permission to get a piercing or tattoo.
- [Tear Duct - Blocked](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tear-duct-blocked/) - The tear duct is blocked in 10% of newborns. The tear duct is the tube that carries tears from the eye to the nose
- [Teething](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teething/) - Teething is the normal process of new teeth working their way through the gums. Teeth come in between 6 and 24 months of age
- [Sleep Problem from Feeding Until Asleep](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-problem-from-feeding-until-asleep/) - A baby over 6 months old who can’t sleep through the night (at least 7 straight hours). Wakes up and cries one or more times a night to be fed
- [Sleep Problem from Holding Until Asleep](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-problem-from-holding-until-asleep/) - A baby over 6 months old who can’t sleep through the night (at least 7 straight hours). Wakes up and cries one or more times a night to be held.
- [Sleep Problems - Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-problems-prevention/) - Good sleep habits don’t just happen. You need to have a plan. It’s far easier to prevent sleep problems than it is to treat them later.
- [Sleep Problems: Your Child’s Sleep Diary](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-problems-your-childs-sleep-diary/) - Children differ in how much sleep they need, how long it takes them to fall asleep, and how easily they wake up. If you are concerned about your child’s sleep habits, talk with your child’s doctor. Your child’s doctor may ask you to keep a sleep diary to help track your child’s sleep habits.
- [Sleep Problems in Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-problems-in-children/) - Sleep problems are very common during the first few years of life. Problems may include waking up during the night, not wanting to go to sleep, nightmares, sleepwalking, and bedwetting. If frantic upset persists with no apparent cause, call your child's doctor.
- [Sleep Talking](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-talking/) - Sleep talking is a partial wake-up in which children talk in their sleep. They act confused and can’t be fully awakened, but are usually calm
- [Sleep Terrors](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-terrors/) - Sleep terrors are partial wake-ups in which children act terrified. They act confused and can’t be fully awakened
- [Sleeping with Parents (Bed-Sharing) - How To End It](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleeping-with-parents-bed-sharing-how-to-end-it/) - Your child sleeps with you during all or part of the night. You want to stop sharing your bed with your child
- [Sleeping with Parents (Bed-Sharing) - Pros and Cons](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleeping-with-parents-bed-sharing-pros-and-cons/) - Sharing the bed with your child. Bed-sharing should be avoided during the first year of life. Reason: Safe sleep.
- [Sleepwalking](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleepwalking/) - Sleepwalking is a partial wake-up in which children walk in their sleep. They act confused and can’t be fully awakened, but are usually calm.
- [Smokeless Tobacco: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/smokeless-tobacco-what-you-need-to-know/) - Chewing tobacco, snuff, snus, and dissolvable tobacco in the shape of sticks, pellets, and strips are all types of tobacco products that are not smoked but used in other ways. All types of smokeless tobacco contain nicotine and chemicals known to cause cancer (carcinogens).
- [Soccer (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/soccer-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Soccer (known as football outside the United States) is one of the most popular team sports in the world. Soccer also can be a way to encourage children to be physically active while they learn about teamwork and sportsmanship.
- [Solid Foods (Baby Foods)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/solid-foods-baby-foods/) - This topic deals with how to introduce solid (baby) foods to young infants. Baby foods are strained or pureed foods
- [Sore Throat - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sore-throat-symptom/) - Pain, discomfort or raw feeling of the throat. Pain is made worse when swallows
- [Spider Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/spider-bite/) - Bite from a spider.
- [Spitting Up (Normal Reflux)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/spitting-up-normal-reflux/) - Spitting up (normal reflux) is 1 or 2 mouthfuls of breast milk or formula. No effort or crying with it
- [Splinters (Slivers)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/splinters-slivers/) - A foreign body (FB) is stuck in the skin. Some examples are a splinter of wood or sliver of glass
- [Spoiled Children - Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/spoiled-children-prevention/) - A spoiled child insists on having his own way. If demanding doesn’t work, he escalates. He uses tantrums and whining to get his way.
- [Sports and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sports-and-your-child/) - Whether on a court, in a pool, on a field, or in a gym, more children than ever are competing in sports. Sports help boys and girls keep their bodies fit and feel good about themselves. However, there are some important issues that parents need to be aware of if their children participate in organized sports.
- [Sports Medicine Professionals (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sports-medicine-professionals-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Athletes may deal with many different types of medical personnel after an injury. Athletes also may be referred by their primary care doctors to a sports medicine doctor or other sports medicine specialists for further evaluation and treatment. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about the most common sports medicine specialists.
- [Sever's Disease (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/severs-disease-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - The calcaneal apophysis is a growth center where the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia attach to the heel. It first appears in children aged 7 to 8 years. By ages 12 to 14 years the growth center matures and fuses to the heel bone.
- [Shin Pain (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/shin-pain-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Shin pain occurs most frequently in athletes involved in running, jumping, or high-impact sports. Shin pain can be caused by shin splints (also called medial tibial stress syndrome), a stress fracture of the tibia or fibula, or compartment syndrome. The most common source of shin pain in runners is shin splints.
- [Shingles (Zoster)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/shingles-zoster/) - Shingles is a rash that looks like a stripe or band. It’s only on one side of the body
- [Should My Child Join a Clinical Trial?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/should-my-child-join-a-clinical-trial/) - Clinical trials are research studies. They are designed to learn more about ways to prevent, detect, or treat diseases. Clinical trials can also help people with chronic (long-term) illnesses find better ways to live each day with their illness.
- [Shoulder Impingement (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/shoulder-impingement-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Shoulder impingement is an overuse injury that causes achy pain on the front or side of the shoulder. The pain is felt most when the arm is overhead or extended to the side. Shoulder impingement also is called rotator cuff tendonitis, subacromial impingement, supraspinatus tendonitis, and shoulder bursitis.
- [Sibling Relationships](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sibling-relationships/) - Almost 80% of children grow up with at least one brother or sister. Brothers and sisters teach each other how to get along with others. Even if they do not always get along with each other, siblings play very positive roles in each other's lives.
- [Sibling Rivalry Toward a Newborn](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sibling-rivalry-toward-a-newborn/) - Sibling rivalry refers to the normal jealousy of young children toward a new brother or sister. The most common symptom is increased demands for attention. For example, the older child wants to be held and carried, especially when the mother is busy with the newborn.
- [Siblings Arguing](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/siblings-arguing/) - Most siblings argue and quarrel. They verbally fight over possessions, space on the sofa, time in the bathroom, or the last donut. On most days, siblings are friends and companions, rather than rivals. Some friction occurs in most close relationships.
- [Single Parenting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/single-parenting/) - Single-parent families are more and more common in today's society. While raising children alone isn't easy, children in single-parent homes can grow up just as happy as children in 2-parent homes. Read on to find out how single parents can better cope with the special challenges of raising children on their own.
- [Sinus Infection - Bacterial](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sinus-infection-bacterial/) - A bacterial infection of one or more of the sinuses
- [Sinus Infection - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sinus-infection-viral/) - A viral infection of the sinuses. A normal part of the common cold
- [Sinus Pain or Congestion - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sinus-pain-or-congestion-symptom/) - Fullness, pressure or pain on the face over a sinus. Sinus pain occurs above the eyebrow, behind the eye, and under the cheekbone.
- [Sinusitis and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sinusitis-and-your-child/) - Sinusitis is an inflammation of the lining of the nose and sinuses. It is a very common infection in children.
- [Skateboarding and In-line Skating (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/skateboarding-and-in-line-skating-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Although skateboarding and in-line skating were once considered extreme sports, they are now both very common activities for children. Skateboarding and in-line skating involve street skating (using public areas such as sidewalks, steps, handrails, and curbs) or skate parks designed specifically for these sports.
- [Skiing and Snowboarding (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/skiing-and-snowboarding-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - As winter sports are gaining in popularity, young children are hitting the slopes to learn skiing and snowboarding. However, not every young child may be prepared for the experience. Your child's age, strength, and ability to cooperate are a few factors to consider. Qualified instructors can often help parents determine if their child is ready for these sports. Most resorts begin ski school at 4 years old. Although snowboards are made for children as young as 4 years, some resorts will not teach snowboarding to children younger than 7 years.
- [Skin Conditions and Sports Participation (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/skin-conditions-and-sports-participation-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Most skin conditions do not affect sports participation. As a general rule, young people with skin conditions should be allowed to participate in sports as long as there is no risk of blood or body fluid coming into contact with other athletes. Skin conditions that may affect participation can be divided into temporary and long-term conditions.
- [Sleep - Confusional Arousals](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-confusional-arousals/) - Confusional arousal is a partial wake-up in which children sit up in bed and talk, but usually don’t make much sense. They act confused and can’t be fully awakened
- [Sleep - Early Morning Riser](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-early-morning-riser/) - Children who wake up early before their parents do, usually between 5 and 6 AM. They come out of their bedroom and want everyone to get up. A few are still in the crib and they just cry.
- [Sleep - Nightmares](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-nightmares/) - Nightmares are scary dreams that wake a child from sleep. Occasional bad dreams are normal at all ages.
- [Sleep Apnea and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-apnea-and-your-child/) - Does your child snore a lot? Does he sleep restlessly? Does he have difficulty breathing, or does he gasp or choke, while he sleeps?
- [Raw Milk: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/raw-milk-what-you-need-to-know/) - Raw milk is milk that comes straight from a cow, sheep, or goat. Raw milk is not pasteurized (heated to kill germs) or homogenized (processed to keep the cream from separating from the milk).
- [Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv-2/) - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infects almost all children at least once before they are 2 years of age. Most of the time, this virus only causes minor cold-like symptoms. However, for some babies infection can be more dangerous.
- [Responding to Children's Emotional Needs During Times of Crisis: Information for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/responding-to-childrens-emotional-needs-during-times-of-crisis-information-for-parents/) - Pediatricians are often the first responders for children and families suffering emotional and psychological reactions to terrorism and other disasters. As such, pediatricians have a unique opportunity to help parents and other caregivers communicate with children in ways that allow them to better understand and recover from traumatic events such as terrorist attacks or other disasters. Pediatricians also can help to facilitate timely referral to mental health services, as appropriate, for these children and their families.
- [Right From the Start: ABCs of Good Nutrition for Young Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/right-from-the-start-abcs-of-good-nutrition-for-young-children/) - As a parent, you are interested in your child's health. Your role is to provide healthy food in appropriate portions, and your child's role is to decide how much to eat. That is why it is important to understand how to provide healthy choices for your child.
- [Ringworm of the Body](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ringworm-of-the-body/) - Skin infection with 1 or more ring-shaped spots. Has a rough edge and clearing of the center
- [Ringworm of the Scalp](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ringworm-of-the-scalp/) - A fungus infection of the scalp. The medical name is Tinea capitis
- [Roseola](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/roseola/) - Roseola is widespread fine pink rash that’s caused by a specific virus. Classic feature is that the rash is preceded by 3 to 5 days of high fever.
- [Rotavirus Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/rotavirus-vaccine-vis/) - Rotavirus is a virus that causes diarrhea, mostly in babies and young children. The diarrhea can be severe, and lead to dehydration. Vomiting and fever are also common in babies with rotavirus.
- [Rowing (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/rowing-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Rowing is a lifelong, year-round sport that requires dedication and intense training. Rowing on the water, an ergometer, and indoor water tanks along with weight training and running are integral parts of training. In high school and college this sport is also called crew.
- [Running (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/running-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Running, as a sport, can involve a number of different forms, including the following:
- [Safe Bicycling Starts Early](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safe-bicycling-starts-early/) - When a child receives his or her first tricycle or bicycle, a lifelong pattern of vehicle operation is begun. A bike is not just a toy, but a vehicle that is a speedy means of transportation, subject to the same laws as motor vehicles.
- [Safe Driving…A Parent's Responsibility](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safe-drivinga-parents-responsibility/)
- [Safe Sleep and Your Baby: How Parents Can Reduce the Risk of SIDS and Suffocation](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safe-sleep-and-your-baby-how-parents-can-reduce-the-risk-of-sids-and-suffocation/) - Many infants die during sleep from unsafe sleep environments. Some of these deaths are from entrapment, suffocation, and strangulation. Some infants die from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). However, there are ways for parents to keep their sleeping baby safe.
- [Safe Weight Loss and Weight Gain (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safe-weight-loss-and-weight-gain-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Many athletes actively seek changes in body weight in hopes of improving athletic performance. In some sports, such as wrestling, gymnastics, dancing, and running, athletes and coaches associate optimal performance with a relatively low body mass. In other sports, particularly contact and collision sports, such as football, increased body mass is often encouraged.
- [Safety of Blood Transfusions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-of-blood-transfusions/) - Because of illness or injury, some children need to receive transfusions of blood and blood products. This procedure may be frightening for parents and their children. Many parents are also concerned about the safety of transfusions. While blood supply in the United States is considered very safe, parents should know a few things about blood transfusions and the safety of blood products for children. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about blood and blood transfusions.
- [Safety Tips for Home Playground Equipment](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-tips-for-home-playground-equipment/)
- [Scabies](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/scabies-2/) - A very itchy rash caused by the scabies mite. A mite is a tiny, invisible bug that burrows under the skin
- [Scarlet Fever](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/scarlet-fever/) - Scarlet Fever is a speckled, red rash all over due to the Strep bacteria
- [School Avoidance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/school-avoidance/) - Healthy children who miss lots of school. They stay home because of vague physical symptoms. Also called school phobia.
- [Seasonal Influenza (Flu)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/seasonal-influenza-flu/) - All flu viruses cause a respiratory illness that can last a week or more. Flu symptoms include
- [Pneumococcal Infections](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumococcal-infections/) - Meningitis (brain), Bacteremia (bloodstream), Pneumonia (lungs), Sinusitis (sinus membranes), and Otitis media (ears). These infections can be dangerous to very young children, the elderly, and people with certain high-risk health conditions.
- [Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumococcal-polysaccharide-vaccine-vis/) - Vaccination can protect older adults (and some children and younger adults) from pneumococcal disease.
- [Pneumonia and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumonia-and-your-child/) - After an exam, the doctor may order a blood test or an x-ray. These tests can help your doctor decide how to treat your child's infection. If your child needs medicine, be sure you know the right amount, when to give the medicine, and if you should give food with it. If you forget or don't understand the instructions on the medicine label, call the doctor or your pharmacist for help.
- [Pneumonia - Bacterial](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumonia-bacterial/) - A bacterial infection of the lungs.
- [Pneumonia - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumonia-viral/) - A viral infection of the lungs.
- [Poison Ivy - Oak - Sumac](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/poison-ivy-oak-sumac/) - A very itchy rash with blisters. Caused by contact with the poison ivy plant
- [Polio Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/polio-vaccine-vis/) - Polio is a disease caused by a virus. It enters the body through the mouth. Usually it does not cause serious illness. But sometimes it causes paralysis (can't move arm or leg), and it can cause meningitis (irritation of the lining of the brain). It can kill people who get it, usually by paralyzing the muscles that help them breathe.
- [Pool Safety for Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pool-safety-for-children/) - A swimming pool can be very dangerous for children. If possible, do not put a swimming pool in your yard until your children are older than 5 years. Help protect your children from drowning by doing the following:
- [Protect Your Child From Poison](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/protect-your-child-from-poison/) - Children can get very sick if they come in contact with medicines, household products, pesticides, chemicals, or cosmetics. This can happen at any age and can cause serious reactions. However, most children who come in contact with these things are not permanently hurt if they are treated right away.
- [Protect Your Child…Prevent Poisoning](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/protect-your-childprevent-poisoning/) - Young children may put anything in their mouths. This is part of learning. Many household products can be poisonous if swallowed, if in contact with the skin or eyes, or if inhaled.
- [Protect Your Home Against Fire…Planning Saves Lives](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/protect-your-home-against-fireplanning-saves-lives/)
- [Protect Yourself and Help Protect Your Baby: Information for New Moms on the Tdap Vaccine](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/protect-yourself-and-help-protect-your-baby-information-for-new-moms-on-the-tdap-vaccine/) - Congratulations on your new baby! Your baby is the greatest gift you will ever receive. One of your biggest jobs as a parent is to keep your child safe and healthy. One way do this is to make sure your children get all the immunizations they need to protect them from different diseases. But did you know that there is an immunization that you as a parent should get to keep your children safe?
- [How to Prevent Shaken Baby Syndrome and Other Forms of Abusive Head Trauma](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/how-to-prevent-shaken-baby-syndrome-and-other-forms-of-abusive-head-trauma/) - One of the skills parents and caregivers need to learn is how to deal with stress. This is especially important when there seems to be no end to a baby's crying. Too often, when a parent or caregiver loses control the results can be harmful or deadly.
- [Puberty: Ready or Not Expect Some Big Changes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/puberty-ready-or-not-expect-some-big-changes/) - Puberty is the time in your life when your body starts changing from that of a child to that of an adult. At times you may feel like your body is totally out of control! Your arms, legs, hands, and feet may grow faster than the rest of your body. You may feel a little clumsier than usual.
- [Pulling the Plug on TV Violence](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pulling-the-plug-on-tv-violence/)
- [Puncture Wound](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/puncture-wound/) - The skin is punctured by a pointed narrow object (such as a needle). Puncture wounds that contain splinters or slivers are covered elsewhere.
- [Racquet Sports (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/racquet-sports-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Racquet sports (tennis, racquetball, squash, badminton, and paddle tennis) are sports of speed and agility and involve athletes of all ages.
- [Rash Localized - Cause Unknown](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/rash-localized-cause-unknown/) - Rash or redness on one small part of the body (localized). Red or pink rash. Small spots or solid redness.
- [Rash Widespread - Cause Unknown](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/rash-widespread-cause-unknown/) - A pink rash that is all over the body (widespread). Small or large pink spots
- [Ratings: Making Healthy Media Choices](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ratings-making-healthy-media-choices/) - Research has shown that children are influenced by what they see and hear, especially at very young ages. To help parents make informed choices about what their children see and hear, many entertainment companies use ratings systems. Ratings give parents more information about the content of television (TV) programs, movies, music, or computer and video games. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about ratings and how you can help your children make healthy media choices.
- [Parent's Guide to Insect Repellents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parents-guide-to-insect-repellents/) - Mosquitoes, biting flies, and tick bites can make children miserable. While most children have only mild reactions to insect bites, some children can become very sick. Some insects carry dangerous germs such as West Nile virus, Lyme disease bacteria, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever bacteria.
- [Parent's Guide to Pets](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parents-guide-to-pets/) - Pets are found in millions of American homes. If you don't already own a pet, at some point your child may ask for one. If you already own a pet, your child may want another one. So how do you decide?
- [Parent's Guide to Teen Parties](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parents-guide-to-teen-parties/) - As a parent, you know the importance of your teen's social life and that parties are a way to socialize and relax. But an unsupervised or poorly planned party can result in unwanted or even tragic consequences. However, parental responsibility is the key to a fun and safe party.
- [Parent's Guide to Toy Safety](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parents-guide-to-toy-safety/) - Children can have a lot of fun playing with their toys. However, it's important to keep in mind that safety should always come first. Each year thousands of children are injured by toys.
- [Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/patellofemoral-pain-syndrome-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Patellofemoral pain syndrome is one of the most common causes of knee pain in young athletes. The condition is an overuse injury that results from activities that cause pressure or friction on the cartilage behind the kneecap. Patellofemoral pain syndrome occurs frequently in athletes who participate in sports that involve running, jumping, or squatting.
- [Pediatric Subspecialists](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pediatric-subspecialists/) - The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has created a series of fact sheets about different surgical and medical pediatric subspecialists to whom your children may be referred. The fact sheets are available on the official AAP Web site for parents: www.HealthyChildren.org.
- [Pelvic Exam](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pelvic-exam/) - Pelvic exams are an important way to take care of your health. You should get a pelvic exam if you have ever had sex (even one time) or are having any problems with your periods.
- [Penis - Contact Dermatitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/penis-contact-dermatitis/) - Rash on the male genitals (penis or scrotum)
- [Performance-Enhancing Supplements (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/performance-enhancing-supplements-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - The most effective way young athletes can improve their sports performance is to pay close attention to the basics: fluids, calories, training, conditioning, and rest. Shortcuts, such as the use of performance-enhancing substances and supplements, are of little benefit and are potentially damaging to young athletes.
- [Perioral Food Rash](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/perioral-food-rash/) - A rash around the mouth from contact with food. Mostly seen in babies and toddlers
- [Physical Activity: Creating a FITT Plan (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/physical-activity-creating-a-fitt-plan-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Physical activity is important for everyone in the family. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics summarizing the FITT method and includes general fitness tips and an activity log.
- [Physical Activity: Overcoming Obstacles (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/physical-activity-overcoming-obstacles-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - There are many benefits of regular physical activity; however, people often have many excuses for not being more physically active. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics encouraging families to consider all the benefits of being physically active and how to overcome some obstacles. Each family member can take a step toward becoming more physically active by filling out the physical activity plan.
- [Picky Eater](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/picky-eater/) - A picky eater refuses certain foods. He won’t try new foods. Vegetables and meats are the most common ones. You are not concerned about how much he eats or his appetite.
- [Pinkeye and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pinkeye-and-your-child/) - Pinkeye (acute contagious conjunctivitis) occurs when the thin tissue covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids is red or swollen (inflamed).
- [Pinworm Seen](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pinworm-seen/) - A tiny, harmless worm that lives in the colon (large bowel). It causes itching of the anus.
- [Pityriasis Alba](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pityriasis-alba/) - Small pale spots on the face. Called Pityriasis Alba (PA)
- [Pityriasis Rosea](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pityriasis-rosea/) - Pityriasis Rosea (PR) is a widespread skin rash. Special finding: a large "herald patch" that precedes the rash by 1 to 2 weeks
- [Playground Safety](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/playground-safety/) - Each year, about 200,000 children get hurt on playground equipment with injuries serious enough to need treatment in the emergency department. About 15 children die each year from playground injuries. While many of these injuries happen on home equipment, most occur at school and public playgrounds.
- [Playing Is How Toddlers Learn](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/playing-is-how-toddlers-learn/)
- [Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine-vis/) - Many Vaccine Information Statements are available in Spanish and other languages. See www.immunize.org/vis
- [Newborn Appearance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-appearance/) - Common questions asked about the normal newborn’s appearance and body
- [Newborn Birthmarks](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-birthmarks/) - Common questions asked about normal birthmarks in newborns. Note: Rashes such as baby acne are not covered here.
- [Newborn Hearing Screening and Your Baby](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-hearing-screening-and-your-baby/) - Before you bring your newborn home from the hospital, your baby needs to have a hearing screening.
- [Newborn Illness - How To Recognize](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-illness-how-to-recognize/) - How infections and other serious diseases can present in newborns
- [Newborn Rashes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-rashes/) - Common questions asked about normal skin rashes in newborns. Note: Mongolian spots and birthmarks are not covered here.
- [Newborn Reflexes and Behaviors](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-reflexes-and-behaviors/) - Common questions asked about newborn noises, reflexes and behaviors. These are normal and not signs of illness.
- [Next Stop Adulthood: Tips for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/next-stop-adulthood-tips-for-parents/)
- [Nose Allergy (Hay Fever)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nose-allergy-hay-fever/) - An allergic reaction of the nose. Main symptoms are an itchy nose, clear discharge and sneezing.
- [Nose Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nose-injury/) - Injuries to the inside or outside of the nose.
- [Nosebleed](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nosebleed/) - Bleeding from 1 or both nostrils. Not caused by an injury.
- [Nursemaid's Elbow](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nursemaids-elbow/) - A pulled elbow (also known as nursemaid’s elbow) is a common, painful injury generally among children under four years old but occasionally older. It occurs when the outer part of the elbow becomes dislocated or slips out of its joint.
- [Nutrition and Supplement Use (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nutrition-and-supplement-use-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Young athletes often try special diets and supplements to improve their athletic performance. However, many of these products do not live up to their claims to increase strength, speed, and athletic skills. Athletes should focus instead on following the basics of proper hydration and nutrition. Both are crucial in supporting growth and athletic performance. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about proper nutrition and supplement use.
- [Oral Allergy Syndrome](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/oral-allergy-syndrome/) - A minor allergic reaction to some raw fruits and vegetables. Causes itching and swelling only to the lips and tongue
- [Osgood-Schlatter Disease (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/osgood-schlatter-disease-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Osgood-Schlatter is a common condition in young athletes that refers to irritation of a growth plate at the knee. It typically occurs in active teens during their growth spurt and resolves after the bone stops growing.
- [Overweight Older Child - Prevention and Treatment](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/overweight-older-child-prevention-and-treatment/) - Your child is gaining weight too fast or: Your child looks chubby or fat or: Your child doesn’t like sports because his weight makes it hard keep up or: Your child is getting teased about his weight.
- [Overweight Toddler - Preventing Over-Feeding and Over-Eating](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/overweight-toddler-preventing-over-feeding-and-over-eating/) - Currently 10% of 2 to 5 year old children in the U.S. are overweight. The main cause is over-eating. Overeating means eating more calories daily than are needed for normal growth and activity.
- [Pacifiers](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pacifiers/) - A pacifier is an artificial nipple for a baby to suck on. It can be used when they are not hungry.
- [Parenting Your Infant](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parenting-your-infant/)
- [Complementary and Integrative Medicine: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/complementary-and-integrative-medicine-what-parents-need-to-know/) - While most children in North America receive conventional medicine when they are sick, many parents want to know about natural therapies too. Alternative, complementary, and integrative medicine and folk remedies are some of the words used to describe these different therapies. Read on for more information.
- [Parent’s Guide to Head Lice](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parents-guide-to-head-lice/) - Though head lice may be a nuisance, they don’t cause serious illness or carry any diseases. Head lice can be treated at home, but it’s important to check with the doctor first.
- [Medication - Refusal to Take](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/medication-refusal-to-take/) - Your child refuses to take a liquid medicine
- [Medicine and the Media: How to Make Sense of the Messages](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/medicine-and-the-media-how-to-make-sense-of-the-messages/) - Your child is sick or hurt and the first thought on your mind is, “How can I make my child better?” That's natural. No parent wants his or her child to suffer. So how do you decide what medicines to give or treatments to try?
- [Meningococcal Disease: Information for Teens and College Students](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/meningococcal-disease-information-for-teens-and-college-students/) - Certain teens and young adults have a higher risk of getting meningococcal disease. College students, especially freshmen who live in dorms and military recruits, are at an increased risk compared with others in this age group. It's important to know how to protect yourself because meningococcal disease can be deadly. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about this serious illness, safe and effective vaccines, and how to stay healthy.
- [Meningococcal ACWY Vaccines (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/meningococcal-acwy-vaccines-vis/) - Meningococcal disease is a serious bacterial illness. It is a leading cause of bacterial meningitis in children 2 through 18 years old in the United States. Meningitis is an infection of the covering of the brain and the spinal cord.
- [Message to Parents of Teen Drivers](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/message-to-parents-of-teen-drivers/) - Traffic crashes are the leading cause of death for teens and young adults. More than 5,500 young people die every year in car crashes and thousands more are injured. Parents can play an important role in reducing these numbers and keeping their teens alive.
- [Middle Ear Fluid and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/middle-ear-fluid-and-your-child/) - The middle ear is the space behind the eardrum that is usually filled with air. When a child has middle ear fluid (otitis media with effusion), it means that a watery or mucus-like fluid has collected in the middle ear. Otitis media means middle ear inflammation, and effusion means fluid.
- [Minor Head Injuries in Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/minor-head-injuries-in-children/) - Almost all children bump their heads every now and then. While these injuries can be upsetting, most head injuries are minor and do not cause serious problems. In very rare cases, problems can occur after a minor bump on the head. This publication was written by the American Academy of Pediatrics to help parents understand the difference between a head injury that needs only a comforting hug and one that requires immediate medical attention.
- [MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mmr-measles-mumps-and-rubella-vaccine-vis/) - Measles, mumps, and rubella are serious diseases. Before vaccines they were very common, especially among children.
- [MMRV (Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mmrv-measles-mumps-rubella-and-varicella-vaccine-vis/) - Measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella are viral diseases that can have serious consequences. Before vaccines, these diseases were very common in the United States, especially among children. They are still common in many parts of the world.
- [Molluscum Contagiosum](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/molluscum-contagiosum-2/) - Molluscum are small raised growths that have a smooth, waxy surface. Viral infection of the skin
- [Mono (Infectious Mononucleosis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mono-infectious-mononucleosis/) - Mononucleosis (mono) is a viral infection of the lymph nodes. Main symptoms are sore throat and widespread swollen lymph nodes
- [More Fiber for your Children? Yes! Here's Why and How.](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/more-fiber-for-your-children-yes-heres-why-and-how/) - Fiber is an important nutrient that most children (and parents) are not getting enough of each day. As parents, you do your best to feed your family healthy foods, but you may need help with choosing good sources of fiber. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about fiber.
- [Mosquito Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mosquito-bite/) - Bites from a mosquito. Cause itchy, red bumps. Often they look like a hive.
- [Motion Sickness](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/motion-sickness/) - Symptoms triggered by a spinning, rocking or rolling motions. The main symptoms are dizziness and nausea
- [Mouth Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mouth-injury/) - Injuries to the lips and mouth. Includes inner cheeks and the roof of the mouth (hard and soft palate)
- [Mouth Ulcers (Mouth Sores) - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mouth-ulcers-mouth-sores-symptom/) - Painful, shallow ulcers (sores) on the lining of the mouth. Found on the gums, inner lips, inner cheeks, or tongue
- [Nasal Rinses Children and Teens](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nasal-rinses-children-and-teens/) - Rinsing the nose with salt water can help wash out dust and mucus. The water also rinses out germs and pollen.
- [Nasal Suction](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nasal-suction/) - Nasal congestion can be the worst part of a cold for young children. It can keep your baby from feeding and sleeping well.
- [Neck Pain - Muscle Strain](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/neck-pain-muscle-strain/) - Pain or discomfort in the back, side or front of the neck. Includes minor muscle strain from neck overuse
- [Newborn - Flying and Mountain Travel](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/newborn-flying-and-mountain-travel/) - Questions about flying or mountain travel with a newborn baby.
- [Salmonella](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/salmonella/) - Salmonella is an intestinal infection caused by Salmonella bacteria.
- [Scabies](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/scabies/) - An infestation of the skin by small insects called mites
- [Shigella](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/shigella/) - An intestinal infection caused by the Shigella bacteria
- [Shingles (Herpes Zoster)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/shingles-herpes-zoster/) - An infection caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster (chickenpox) virus within the body of someone who previously had chickenpox or (rarely) someone who had received the chickenpox vaccine in the past
- [Staphylococcus aureus (Methicillin-Resistant [MRSA] and Methicillin-Sensitive [MSSA])](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/staphylococcus-aureus-methicillin-resistant-mrsa-and-methicillin-sensitive-mssa/) - Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a type of bacteria that primarily causes skin infections, although these bacteria can cause pneumonia, bone, joint, and blood infections less commonly.
- [Strep Throat (Streptococcal Pharyngitis) and Scarlet Fever](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/strep-throat-streptococcal-pharyngitis-and-scarlet-fever/) - A disease caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria
- [Sty](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sty/) - A mild infection in the eyelid at the base of the eyelashes or near the edge of the eyelid
- [Thrush (Candidiasis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/thrush-candidiasis/) - A yeast infection predominately produced by Candida albicans organisms causing mouth infections in young infants
- [Tuberculosis (TB)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tuberculosis-tb/) - A disease caused by an infection with the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually involves the lungs but could affect other parts of the body
- [Upper Respiratory Infection (Common Cold)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/upper-respiratory-infection-common-cold/) - The term upper respiratory infection usually refers to a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract (ie, nose, throat, ears, and eyes). Upper respiratory infections are common among infants in child care (10–12 per year) but become less common as children mature. Older children and adults have an average of 4 upper respiratory infections per year.
- [Urinary Tract Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/urinary-tract-infection/) - An infection of one or more parts of the urinary system. The urinary system includes the kidneys, the tubes that join the kidneys to the bladder (ureters), the bladder, and the tube that leads from the bladder to the outside (the urethra).
- [Vomiting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vomiting/) - If the vomiting is associated with an infection, the incubation and contagious periods depend on the type of germ causing the infection.
- [Warts (Human Papillomavirus)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/warts-human-papillomavirus/) - Warts are skin infections caused by human papillomavirus (HPV).
- [Whooping Cough (Pertussis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/whooping-cough-pertussis/) - A contagious and fairly common bacterial infection that causes a range of illnesses, from mild cough to severe disease
- [Yeast Diaper Rash (Candidiasis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/yeast-diaper-rash-candidiasis/) - A shiny red rash, pinker than usual skin, or red bumps in the diaper area that may be caused by a yeast called Candida. There are other causes of diaper rash that produce a similar skin appearance but are not caused by an infection.
- [Marijuana: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/marijuana-what-parents-need-to-know/) - As a parent, you are your child’s first and best protection against drug use. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about marijuana and how to help your child say “No” to drug use. (Child refers to child or teen in this publication.)
- [Martial Arts (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/martial-arts-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - More than 6 million children in the United States participate in martial arts. Martial arts are known to improve social skills, discipline, and respect in children. Children can also improve their abilities to concentrate and focus on activities, as well as bettering their motor skills and self-confidence. Martial arts can be fun and beneficial at any age.
- [Measles Vaccine Rash](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/measles-vaccine-rash/) - Mild pink rash that occurs 6-12 days after the measles shot
- [Medication - Giving Liquid Medicine to Cooperative Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/medication-giving-liquid-medicine-to-cooperative-child/) - Techniques for giving liquid medicines to a child who cooperates
- [Medication - Giving Pills to Cooperative Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/medication-giving-pills-to-cooperative-child/) - Techniques for giving pills or capsules to a child who cooperates
- [HIV/AIDS](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hiv-aids/) - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection affects the body in a wide variety of ways. In the most severe infection, the virus progressively destroys the body’s immune system, causing a condition called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). With early testing and appropriate treatment, children in the United States rarely develop the severe symptoms of HIV infection.
- [Influenza](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/influenza/) - A contagious disease caused by a group of respiratory viruses called influenza viruses
- [Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lice-pediculosis-capitis/) - Yes, at the end of the program or school day.
- [Lyme Disease (and Other Tick-borne Diseases)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lyme-disease-and-other-tick-borne-diseases/) - An infection caused by a type of bacteria, known as spirochetes, that is transmitted when particular types of ticks attach to a person’s skin and feed on that person’s blood. These ticks are very small, only a few millimeters (about the size of a freckle); the ticks that transit Lyme disease are found mainly in the Northeast and Midwest and on the West Coast.
- [Measles](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/measles/) - Yes.
- [Meningitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/meningitis/) - An infectious disease causing swelling or inflammation of the tissue covering the spinal cord and brain.
- [Molluscum Contagiosum](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/molluscum-contagiosum/) - A skin disease caused by a virus, somewhat similar to warts
- [Mononucleosis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mononucleosis/) - A disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus; the illness is commonly known as mono.
- [Mosquito-borne Diseases](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mosquito-borne-diseases/) - Through the bite of an infected mosquito. West Nile disease may also be spread by blood transfusion and organ donation.
- [Mouth Sores](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mouth-sores/) - Herpes simplex virus, canker sores, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and thrush
- [Mumps](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/mumps/) - A viral illness with swelling of one or more of the salivary glands
- [Norovirus](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/norovirus/) - A virus that causes diarrhea and vomiting. A leading cause of diarrhea in the United States.
- [Pinkeye (Conjunctivitis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pinkeye-conjunctivitis/) - Inflammation (ie, redness, swelling) of the thin tissue covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids
- [Pinworms](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pinworms/) - Small, white, threadlike worms (0.25″–0.5″ long) that live in the large intestine
- [Pneumonia](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pneumonia/) - An inflammation of the lungs primarily caused by a viral or, less commonly, bacterial infection. Infection of the lungs often is secondary to an infection that starts in the nose and throat area (ie, the upper portion of the respiratory tract) and then spreads to the lungs (ie, the lower portion of the respiratory tract). The infection can start in the lungs from an infection brought there by the blood (especially pneumonia caused by bacterial infection).
- [Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/respiratory-syncytial-virus-rsv/) - A virus that causes the common cold and other respiratory signs or symptoms
- [Ringworm](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ringworm/) - A fungal infection that may affect the body, feet, or scalp
- [Roseola (Human Herpesvirus 6 and 7)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/roseola-human-herpesvirus-6-and-7/) - A viral infection causing fever or rash in infants and children that primarily occurs between 6 and 24 months of age
- [Rotavirus](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/rotavirus/) - Fecal-oral route: Contact with feces of children who are infected. This generally involves an infected child contaminating his own fingers, then touching an object that another child touches. The child who touched the contaminated surface then puts her fingers into her own mouth or another person’s mouth.
- [Rubella (German Measles)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/rubella-german-measles/) - A mild viral infection usually lasting 3 days that is now rare in the United States because of routine immunization
- [Bites (Human and Animal)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bites-human-and-animal/) - Biting is very common among young children but usually does not lead to serious infectious disease issues. If the skin is broken, bacteria introduced into the wound can cause a tissue infection that needs to be treated by a health professional. If blood is drawn into the mouth of the biter or if the biter breaks the skin and has bleeding gums or mouth sores, blood-borne disease could be a concern. Hepatitis B virus, HIV, and hepatitis C virus are examples of blood-borne disease-causing germs. The risk of transmission of these viruses, however, is very low in child care and school settings. For HIV, no known transmission in a child care setting or school has occurred.
- [Boil/Abscess/Cellulitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/boil-abscess-cellulitis/) - These are bacterial infections of the skin that usually begin from a scratch or bug bite and progress to a red nodule that fills with pus. Boils are superficial infections with a thin layer of skin over fluid; abscesses are generally larger and deeper with redness and painful swelling over an area filled with pus. Cellulitis is an infection within the skin and the area just beneath it; the skin is red and tender. The area of cellulitis can spread quickly.
- [Campylobacter](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/campylobacter/) - A type of bacteria that can cause infection of the intestines
- [Chickenpox (Varicella-Zoster Infections)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/chickenpox-varicella-zoster-infections/) - An illness with rash and fever caused by the varicella-zoster virus
- [Clostridium difficile (Also Called “C diff”)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/clostridium-difficile-also-called-c-diff/) - A spore- and toxin-forming bacteria that causes diarrhea
- [Cryptosporidiosis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cryptosporidiosis/) - An intestinal infection caused by a parasite (Cryptosporidium hominis or C parvum)
- [Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cytomegalovirus-cmv-infection/) - A viral infection common in children (Up to 70% of normal children aged 1 to 3 years in group care settings excrete cytomegalovirus [CMV].)
- [Dental Caries (Early Childhood Caries, Tooth Decay, or Cavities)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dental-caries-early-childhood-caries-tooth-decay-or-cavities/) - Early childhood caries (commonly called cavities) is the most common chronic disease of childhood. Caries are the result of an infectious disease process that damages tooth structure and makes holes in the teeth. The consequences of early childhood caries are much more than unattractive teeth. Early childhood caries can cause severe pain, speech difficulty, and poor nutrition and can spread to cause serious infections. Treatment for caries can require expensive dental services, and younger children often require general anesthesia and treatment in the operating room.
- [Diarrhea](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea/) - An illness in which someone develops more watery and frequent stools than is typical for that person. Diarrhea can be caused by changes in diet, such as drinking excessive amount of fruit juice, eating more than the usual amounts of certain foods, and the use of some medications. Diarrhea also can be the result of a problem with the intestines, such as inability to absorb nutrients or allergy to foods. Infections with some viruses, bacteria, and parasites can cause diarrhea.
- [Diarrhea Caused by Specific Types of E coli (Escherichia coli)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-caused-by-specific-types-of-e-coli-escherichia-coli/) - Although many types of Escherichia coli (E coli) bacteria live normally in the intestinal tract, at least 5 types are known to cause diarrhea. Shiga toxin–producing E coli has caused numerous outbreaks in group care settings. Infections with Shiga toxin–producing E coli may be associated with other severe problems, such as bleeding from irritation of the bowel, kidney damage, and blood cell damage, also known as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Other diarrhea-producing types are enteropathogenic E coli, enteroinvasive E coli, enteroaggregative E coli, and in children and families who travel, enterotoxigenic E coli.
- [Ear Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-infection/) - There are 2 common types of ear infections: otitis media (middle ear infection) and otitis externa (swimmer’s ear). Most ear infections of young children occur in the middle ear.
- [Fever](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever/) - Fever is an elevation of the normal body temperature. Fever is most commonly caused by a viral or bacterial infection, but it can be a sign of illnesses not caused by infections, such as exercising in a very warm environment, rheumatoid arthritis, a reaction to a vaccine or medication, or cancer.
- [Fifth Disease (Human Parvovirus B19)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fifth-disease-human-parvovirus-b19/) - Common viral infection with rash occurring 1 to 3 weeks after infection
- [Giardiasis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/giardiasis/) - An intestinal infection caused by a parasite (Giardia intestinalis)
- [Haemophilus influenzae Type b (Hib)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/haemophilus-influenzae-type-b-hib/) - Depends on the site of infection. May include
- [Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hand-foot-and-mouth-disease-2/) - A common set of symptoms associated with viral infections that are most frequently seen in the summer and fall. Despite its scary name, this illness generally is mild. Most commonly caused by coxsackievirus A16 and enterovirus 71.
- [Hepatitis A Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hepatitis-a-infection/) - Fecal-oral route: Contact with feces of children who are infected. This generally involves an infected child contaminating his own fingers, then touching an object that another child touches. The child who touched the contaminated surface then puts her fingers into her own mouth or another person’s mouth.
- [Hepatitis B Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hepatitis-b-infection/) - Yes, if a child with known hepatitis B exhibits any of the following:
- [Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/herpes-simplex-cold-sores/) - In early childhood, herpes simplex virus most commonly causes blister-like sores in the mouth and around the lips and on skin that is in contact with the mouth, such as a sucked thumb or finger.
- [Impetigo](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/impetigo/) - Impetigo is a common skin infection caused by streptococcal or staphylococcal bacteria.
- [Managing Marfan Syndrome](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-marfan-syndrome/) - Marfan syndrome is an inherited condition. It affects the tissues that connect parts of the body.
- [Managing Mitochondrial Disorders](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-mitochondrial-disorders/) - Mitochondrial disorders are a diverse group of diseases caused by damage to small structures found in human cells that are essential in converting food to energy. The result is decreased energy production and associated symptoms.
- [Managing Muscular Dystrophy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-muscular-dystrophy/) - Muscular dystrophy is a group of genetic diseases that cause muscle wasting and weakness. The most common type is Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is progressive and occurs only in boys.
- [Managing Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-neonatal-abstinence-syndrome-nas/) - Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a drug withdrawal syndrome that some infants experience after birth and that generally follows exposure to an opioid.
- [Managing Neurofibromatosis (NF) and Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-neurofibromatosis-nf-and-tuberous-sclerosis-complex-tsc/) - There are many types of neurocutaneous syndromes (syndromes that include skin findings). The most common is neurofibromatosis (NF). There are 7 types of NF. Although they are all different, they all have skin and neurologic findings. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most common type, and, while it is inherited, half of the cases are new mutations.
- [Managing Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-prader-willi-syndrome-pws/) - Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic condition that affects the brain and causes newborns and young infants to be weak and slow to gain weight but shifts to causing excessive hunger and weight gain in toddlers. It affects boys and girls equally.
- [Managing Preterm Newborns (Preemies): An Overview](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-preterm-newborns-preemies-an-overview/) - One in 10 babies (9.6%) was born prematurely in the United States in 2016.
- [Managing Seizures, Febrile](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-seizures-febrile/) - Febrile seizures are described as generalized (whole brain and body involved), tonic-clonic (shaking) movements of a child’s body in response to a high fever. These seizures represent abnormal brain electrical activity triggered by fever.
- [Managing Seizures, Nonfebrile (Epilepsy)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-seizures-nonfebrile-epilepsy/) - Seizures represent the most common neurologic disorder in children. About 1% of all children have a type of non-febrile seizure disorder, or epilepsy.
- [Managing Short-Stature Conditions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-short-stature-conditions/) - More than 100 specific conditions have been identified that can cause short stature. Achondroplasia occurs in people of all races and with equal frequency in males and females, and it affects about 1 in every 26,000 children. An estimated 10,000 individuals in the United States have achondroplasia.
- [Managing Sickle Cell Disease](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-sickle-cell-disease/) - Children with sickle cell disease should have at least 8 cups of water or fluid per day.
- [Managing Special Diets and Inborn Errors of Metabolism](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-special-diets-and-inborn-errors-of-metabolism/) - Some of the more common inborn errors of metabolism include
- [Managing Spina Bifida](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-spina-bifida/) - Spina bifida means cleft spine, which is an incomplete closure in the spinal column. The 4 types of spina bifida are
- [Managing Spleen Problems](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-spleen-problems/) - Because the spleen can be affected differently by different diseases, it is difficult to say how many children have spleen problems.
- [Managing Tracheostomy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-tracheostomy/) - The Care Plan should address
- [Managing Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (Includes Concussion)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-traumatic-brain-injury-tbi-includes-concussion/) - Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by a direct blow to the head with different amounts of force that cause mild, moderate, or severe brain injury. Mild TBI can be called a concussion.
- [Managing Turner Syndrome](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-turner-syndrome/) - Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that only affects girls and women. It occurs when 1 of the 2 X chromosomes normally found in females is missing or incomplete.
- [Managing Vesicostomy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-vesicostomy/) - A vesicostomy is a surgical opening in the bladder to the outside of the body (lower belly) that allows urine to come out, preventing urinary tract infection and damage to the kidneys. Urine drains constantly from this opening. The child will need to wear a diaper, training pants (Pull-Ups), or an incontinence pad. A vesicostomy is sometimes a temporary treatment.
- [Managing Visual Impairments](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-visual-impairments/)
- [Bedbugs](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bedbugs/) - Small insects that feed on human blood by biting through the skin. They are most active between 2:00 and 5:00 am. They can travel 10 to 15 feet to feed and go without feeding for up to 6 months. They cause itchy bites. Bedbugs are not known to transmit or spread disease.
- [Managing Developmental Delay](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-developmental-delay/) - Children have developmental delay when they do not attain the skills that typically developing children acquire at a certain age. Child development is a process that involves learning and mastering skills such as sitting, rolling over, walking, understanding, and talking. Typically developing children learn specific skills, called developmental milestones, during predictable time periods.
- [Managing Diabetes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-diabetes/) - Physical activity is important to the health of children with type 2 diabetes, so outdoor play is part of their therapy. Children with type 1 diabetes should be able to play normally. Staff should take a portable pack with insulin, syringes, high-calorie supplements, and glucagon in case of emergency whenever the child is in a different location or on a field trip. A glucometer to check blood sugar should also be available.
- [Managing Down Syndrome](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-down-syndrome/) - Down syndrome is a relatively common birth defect caused by extra genetic material from chromosome 21 (ie, there are 3 copies of chromosome 21 rather than 2). This syndrome affects the physical and intellectual development of the child.
- [Managing Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-eczema-atopic-dermatitis/) - Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a long-lasting skin condition that causes the skin to be overly sensitive to many things.
- [Managing Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-ehlers-danlos-syndrome-eds/) - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a collection of inherited conditions that cause the tissues that connect parts of the body (connective tissue) to be loose. This can cause loose joints, stretchy skin, and delayed healing of the skin. This collection of conditions was reclassified in 2017, so it is important to have information that is specific to the child.
- [Managing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorder-fasd/) - Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is the general term used to describe the range of adverse fetal effects associated with prenatal alcohol exposure.
- [Managing Food Allergies](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-food-allergies/) - Allergy is the term used to describe the body’s overreaction to something that it views as foreign or different from itself. The body reacts by releasing histamine and other substances that cause allergic symptoms.
- [Managing Fragile X Syndrome](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-fragile-x-syndrome/) - Fragile X syndrome is an inherited form of intellectual disability that is primarily seen in males. It is the most common form of inherited intellectual disability. Fragile X syndrome is caused by the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome.
- [Managing Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-gastroesophageal-reflux-disease-gerd/) - Babies with GERD can choke; a bulb syringe should be available to help clear the airway if necessary. If the baby is coughing, nothing should be done because the cough is the most effective way to clear the airway. If the baby stops breathing or making any sound, CPR techniques for infants should be used. These maneuvers are covered in pediatric first aid with CPR courses such as the American Academy of Pediatrics course, Pediatric First Aid for Caregivers and Teachers.
- [Managing Hearing Loss and Deafness/Hard of Hearing](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-hearing-loss-and-deafness-hard-of-hearing/) - The Care Plan for children with hearing loss may include
- [Managing Heart Conditions, Nonstructural](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-heart-conditions-nonstructural/) - Approximately 4,000 children are diagnosed with Kawasaki disease every year and most are younger than 5 years.
- [Managing Heart Conditions: An Overview](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-heart-conditions-an-overview/)
- [Managing Heart Defects, Structural](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-heart-defects-structural/) - Thirty-five thousand babies are born every year in the United States with these problems, according to the American Heart Association.
- [Managing Hepatitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-hepatitis/) - Hepatitis means liver inflammation. Most of the time, hepatitis is caused by a viral infection of the liver. The most common types are hepatitis A, B, and C.
- [Managing Hip Problems](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-hip-problems/) - What are hip problems in children and how common are they?
- [Managing HIV Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-hiv-infection/)
- [Managing Hydrocephalus and Shunts](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-hydrocephalus-and-shunts/) - Hydrocephalus is the abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid, called cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), within the brain. Hydrocephalus can be caused by a structural defect in the brain or spine that blocks CSF and causes it to accumulate. Sometimes a brain injury, especially one that causes bleeding, can interfere with the flow of CSF and cause it to build up and increase pressure. Sometimes, the brain can shrink because of brain damage and the CSF fills in the extra space. That condition does not cause pressure on the brain and does not require special treatment.
- [Managing Immune Thrombocytopenia](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-immune-thrombocytopenia/) - The treatment team may consist of the primary care provider and a hematologist.
- [Managing Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis-jia/) - Arthritis is swelling and pain of the joints. When this problem is chronic, the most common form is juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
- [Managing Kidney and Other Urinary Tract Problems](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-kidney-and-other-urinary-tract-problems/) - Nephrotic syndrome can occur at any age but is most common between the ages of 18 months and 8 years. Boys are affected more often than girls. A child may come to the child care or school with the diagnosis or may develop it while enrolled.
- [Lyme Disease](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lyme-disease/) - Lyme disease is an important public health problem in some areas of the United States. Since its discovery in Lyme, CT, in 1975, thousands of cases of the disease have been reported across the United States and around the world. By knowing more about the disease and how to prevent it, you can help keep your family safe from the effects of Lyme disease.
- [Lymph Node - Normal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lymph-node-normal/) - Lymph nodes are small bean-shaped lumps found under the skin. Also called lymph glands
- [Lymph Node Infection - Bacterial](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lymph-node-infection-bacterial/) - A bacterial infection of a lymph node. Main symptom is the sudden onset of one large painful node
- [Lymph Node Infection - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lymph-node-infection-viral/) - A viral infection of lymph nodes. Main symptom is swollen nodes
- [Making Healthy Decisions About Sex: Important Information For Teens](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/making-healthy-decisions-about-sex-important-information-for-teens/) - Before you decide to have sex or if you are already having sex, you need to know how to stay healthy. Even if you think you know everything you need to know about sex, take a few minutes and read on. Your doctor wants to make sure you know the facts.
- [Managing Abnormal Immunity: An Overview](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-abnormal-immunity-an-overview/) - No one knows for sure how many children have suppressed immune systems. It is becoming more common as more children receive transplants and survive serious problems with their immune systems like HIV. Some children have temporary alterations in their immune system from medications and the immune system returns to normal when the medication is stopped.
- [Managing Allergic Skin Conditions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-allergic-skin-conditions/) - Estimates are that up to 20% of infants and young children may be affected by eczema at some point. There is no good data about how frequently hives and contact dermatitis occur.
- [Managing Allergies: An Overview](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-allergies-an-overview/) - Allergies are very common. In a national study of children with special health care needs, 53% had allergies of some type.
- [Managing Anaphylaxis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-anaphylaxis/) - The key adaptation to avoiding anaphylaxis is to try to avoid the allergen.
- [Managing Asthma](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-asthma/) - Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children, affecting between 5% and 10%.
- [Managing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/) - Behavior management skills that can be included in a Care Plan include
- [Managing Autism Spectrum Disorders](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-autism-spectrum-disorders/) - Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a group of developmental disabilities caused by a problem with the brain. Children with ASDs have trouble in 3 core areas of their development.
- [Managing Bleeding Disorders: An Overview](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-bleeding-disorders-an-overview/) - Bleeding disorders vary in types and severity, so it is best to get details about the specific child’s needs from parents/ guardians and the child’s specialty doctors.
- [Managing Cancer](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-cancer/) - Ask the child’s oncologist for suggested training resources.
- [Managing Celiac Disease (Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy or Celiac Sprue)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-celiac-disease-gluten-sensitive-enteropathy-or-celiac-sprue/) - The treatment team includes a pediatric gastroenterologist and registered dietitians or nutritionists.
- [Managing Cerebral Palsy (CP)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-cerebral-palsy-cp/) - Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition caused by brain injury that interferes with messages from the brain to the body; this interference affects movements and muscle coordination.
- [Managing Childhood Obesity](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-childhood-obesity/) - Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children and adolescents. It occurs when a child is well above the normal weight for the child’s age and height.
- [Managing Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-cleft-lip-and-cleft-palate/) - Develop strategies for accommodating children with cleft lip or cleft palate. Suggestions include
- [Managing Cystic Fibrosis (CF)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/managing-cystic-fibrosis-cf/) - There are currently about 30,000 children and young adults with CF in the United States.
- [Inhaled and Intranasal Corticosteroids and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/inhaled-and-intranasal-corticosteroids-and-your-child/) - If your child has asthma or allergic rhinitis (hay fever), your pediatrician may prescribe a corticosteroid, also commonly referred to as a steroid. These medicines are the best available to decrease the swelling and irritation (inflammation) that occurs with persistent asthma or allergy. They are not the same as the anabolic steroids that are used illegally by some athletes to build muscles.
- [Is Your Child Ready for Sports? (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/is-your-child-ready-for-sports-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Sports readiness means that a child has the physical, mental, and social skills to meet the demands of the sport. While general guidelines can help you select a sport based on age, it's important to remember that children develop at different rates. Children are more likely to enjoy and succeed in sports when they have the physical, mental, and social skills required by the sport.
- [Is Your Toddler Communicating With You?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/is-your-toddler-communicating-with-you/) - Your baby is able to communicate with you long before he or she speaks a single word! A baby's cry, smile, and responses to you help you to understand his or her needs. In this publication the American Academy of Pediatrics shares information about how children communicate and what to do when there are concerns about delays in development.
- [Jaundice and Your Newborn](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/jaundice-and-your-newborn/) - Congratulations on the birth of your new baby!
- [Keep Your Family Safe: Fire Safety and Burn Prevention at Home](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/keep-your-family-safe-fire-safety-and-burn-prevention-at-home/) - Fires and burns cause almost 4,000 deaths and about 20,000 hospitalizations every year. Winter is an especially dangerous time, as space heaters, fireplaces, and candles get more use in the home. It is no surprise that fires in the home are more common between December and February. However, you might be surprised at how easy it is to reduce the risk of fire in your home. Follow these suggestions to help keep your home and family safe from fire all year round.
- [Know the Facts About HIV and AIDS](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/know-the-facts-about-hiv-and-aids/) - HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is a virus that can lead to AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). While there is no cure for HIV, early diagnosis and treatment are very effective at keeping people healthy. In addition, there are things you can do to prevent getting HIV. Read on to learn more about HIV and AIDS and how to keep you and your children healthy.
- [Lacrosse (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lacrosse-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Lacrosse is one of the fastest-growing sports in the United States. It's both a contact (boys) and noncontact (girls) sport. Injuries differ between the contact game of boys' lacrosse (body contact and stick checking allowed) and the noncontact game of girls' lacrosse.
- [Lactose Intolerance and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lactose-intolerance-and-your-child/) - After drinking milk or eating ice cream, does your child have stomach cramps or get diarrhea? If so, your child may have lactose intolerance.
- [Laryngitis - Allergic](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/laryngitis-allergic/) - Allergic reaction of the voicebox (larynx) and vocal cords.
- [Laryngitis - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/laryngitis-viral/) - Viral infection of the voicebox (larynx) and vocal cords.
- [Lead Is a Poison: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lead-is-a-poison-what-you-need-to-know/) - Lead in the body can affect child development and behavior. Lead is a metal that is found in a lot of places. Though you can't usually see it, there are things you can do to prevent your child from being exposed to lead. No safe level of lead has been identified for children. Children are at highest risk because they often put their hands and objects in their mouths, and their growing bodies tend to easily absorb what they eat. This publication was written by the American Academy of Pediatrics to help parents understand how lead can be harmful, where it may be found, and what they can do to keep their children safe.
- [Learning Disabilities: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/learning-disabilities-what-parents-need-to-know/) - Your child will learn many things in life—how to listen, speak, read, write, and do math. Some skills may be harder to learn than others. If your child is trying his best to learn certain skills but is not able to keep up with his peers, it’s important to find out why. Your child may have a learning disability (also known as LD). If your child has an LD, the sooner you know, the sooner you can get your child help. Your child can succeed in school, work, and relationships. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about LDs.
- [Leg Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/leg-injury/) - Injuries to the leg (hip to foot). Injuries to a bone, muscle, joint or ligament. Muscle pain caused by too much exercise or work is covered in Leg Pain. (This is called overuse.)
- [Leg Pain - Muscle Cramps](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/leg-pain-muscle-cramps/) - Leg muscle cramps from sports or hard work (muscle overuse). The pain is not caused by an injury. Also called muscle spasms or heat cramps
- [Leg Pain - Muscle Strain](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/leg-pain-muscle-strain/) - Leg muscle pain from hard work or sports (muscle overuse). Pain is not caused by an injury. Also called muscle overuse syndrome
- [Leg Pain - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/leg-pain-symptom/) - Pain in the legs. Includes hip, knee, ankle and toe joints. Includes minor muscle strain from hard work or sports (overuse). The pain is not caused by an injury.
- [Lice - Head](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lice-head/) - Head lice is a scalp infection with tiny gray bugs (lice). Lice lay many white eggs (nits) in the hair
- [Life Jackets and Life Preservers](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/life-jackets-and-life-preservers/) - If your family enjoys boating, sailing, canoeing, and using personal watercraft on lakes, rivers, and streams, be sure your children wear the correct life jackets. If you do, they will be able to take part in these activities more safely.
- [Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Teens: Information for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/lesbian-gay-bisexual-and-transgender-lgbt-teens-information-for-parents/) - It is important for parents of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) teens to remember that each child is unique and will have their own experiences and feelings. “Coming out” is a lifelong journey of understanding, acknowledging, and sharing one’s gender identity or sexual orientation with others. Here is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics to help parents support their teen’s journey.
- [Little League Elbow (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/little-league-elbow-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Little League elbow is a common overuse injury associated with throwing. This injury is most common in pitchers but also occurs in catchers, infielders, and outfielders.
- [Hepatitis B Vaccine: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hepatitis-b-vaccine-what-parents-need-to-know/) - Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver. It is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). Lifelong HBV infection can lead to liver cancer or scarring of the liver (cirrhosis). More than 1 million people in the United States are living with lifelong HBV infection. Anyone can get infected with HBV, including your child.
- [Hepatitis B Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hepatitis-b-vaccine-vis/) - Hepatitis B is a serious infection that affects the liver. It is caused by the hepatitis B virus.
- [Hepatitis C Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hepatitis-c-infection/) - About 4 million Americans are infected with Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and many do not even know it. Anyone can get infected with HCV, including children.
- [Hip Dysplasia (Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hip-dysplasia-developmental-dysplasia-of-the-hip/) - In resistant cases or in older children, hip dysplasia may need to be treated with a combination of braces, casts, traction, or surgery. Your child will be admitted to the hospital if surgery is necessary. After surgery, your child will be placed in a hip spica cast for about 3 months. A hip spica cast is a hard cast that immobilizes the hips and keeps them in the correct position. When the cast is removed, your child will need to wear a removable hip brace for several more months.
- [Home Safety Checklist](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/home-safety-checklist/) - Is your house a safe place for your child to live and play? The following safety checklist can help you prevent serious injuries or even death. Though it addresses common safety concerns, it's important to remember that every house is different and no checklist is complete. Because there may be other safety concerns in your house, a more thorough safety check is recommended at least every 6 months.
- [Home Water Hazards for Young Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/home-water-hazards-for-young-children/) - Each year many young children drown in swimming pools, other bodies of water, and standing water around the home. Children must be watched by an adult at all times when in or near water. Children may drown in an inch or 2 of water.
- [Horseback Riding (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/horseback-riding-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Horseback riding (equestrian) is a common activity in the United States; about 30 million people go horseback riding every year. Unlike other sports, the risk of injury is highest for the most inexperienced riders. As riders gain experience, they learn how to avoid injury as they learn to properly handle the horse.
- [How Do Infants Learn?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/how-do-infants-learn/)
- [How to Prevent Overuse Injuries (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/how-to-prevent-overuse-injuries-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Over the past 20 years more children are participating in organized and recreational athletics. With so many young athletes playing sports, it's no wonder injuries are common. Half of all sports medicine injuries in children and teens are from overuse. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about overuse injuries and injury prevention tips.
- [How to Prevent Tooth Decay in Your Baby](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/how-to-prevent-tooth-decay-in-your-baby/) - Baby teeth are important. If baby teeth are lost too early, the teeth that are left may move and not leave any room for adult teeth to come in. Also, if tooth decay is not prevented, it can be costly to treat, cause pain, and lead to life-threatening infections.
- [HPV (Human Papillomavirus) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hpv-human-papillomavirus-vaccine-vis/) - HPV vaccine prevents infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) types that are associated with many cancers.
- [Ice Hockey (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ice-hockey-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Ice hockey is one of the fastest sports and requires good physical conditioning and skating skills. It is a team sport played from the ages of 5 to 6 years through adulthood.
- [Imaging and Medical Radiation Safety: Important Information for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/imaging-and-medical-radiation-safety-important-information-for-parents/) - Pediatricians use different tests and tools to help them diagnose and treat injuries and illnesses. This handout was written by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to answer questions about imaging and medical radiation safety.
- [Imaging Tests: A Look Inside Your Child's Body](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/imaging-tests-a-look-inside-your-childs-body/) - If your pediatrician isn't sure what the cause of your child's illness or injury is, imaging tests may be needed. Imaging tests are used to “look” inside the body. They can help diagnose injuries and illnesses from broken bones to cancer. Some tests can even find problems before symptoms appear. Read this handout to learn more about imaging tests.
- [Immunizations: What You Need To Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/immunizations-what-you-need-to-know/) - Immunizations have helped children stay healthy for more than 50 years. They are safe and they work. In fact, serious side effects are no more common than those from other types of medication. Vaccinations have reduced the number of infections from vaccine-preventable diseases by more than 90%! Yet many parents still question their safety because of misinformation they've received. That's why it's important to turn to a reliable and trusted source, including your child's doctor, for information. The following are answers to common questions parents have about immunizations.
- [Important Information for Teens Who Get Headaches](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/important-information-for-teens-who-get-headaches/) - A lot of teens do. In fact, 50% to 75% of all teens report having at least one headache per month!
- [Infant Furniture: Cribs](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/infant-furniture-cribs/)
- [Influenza Vaccine (Inactivated or Recombinant) (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/influenza-vaccine-inactivated-or-recombinant-vis/) - With any medicine, including vaccines, there is a chance of reactions. These are usually mild and go away on their own, but serious reactions are also possible.
- [Influenza (Live, Intranasal) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/influenza-live-intranasal-vaccine-vis/) - Influenza (“flu”) is a contagious disease that spreads around the United States every year, usually between October and May.
- [Inhalants: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/inhalants-what-you-need-to-know/) - Young people today can face strong peer pressure to try drugs, including a group of substances called inhalants. Inhalant abuse is particularly a problem with younger teens, but even children as young as 5 or 6 years may try inhalants.
- [Football (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/football-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Football is a fast-paced, aggressive, contact team sport that is very popular among America's youth. Football programs exist for players as young as 6 years all the way through high school, college, and professional.
- [For Today's Teens: A Message From Your Pediatrician](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/for-todays-teens-a-message-from-your-pediatrician/) - Now that you are getting older, you have different health needs than you did when you were younger. However, your pediatrician is still there to help you stay healthy.
- [Four Steps to Prepare Your Family for Disasters](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/four-steps-to-prepare-your-family-for-disasters/) - If there was a disaster in your area, would your family know what to do? Every family should have a plan. This 4-STEP guide developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics offers tips on how to 1) be informed, 2) make a plan, 3) build a kit, and 4) get involved.
- [Friends Are Important: Tips for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/friends-are-important-tips-for-parents/)
- [Fun in the Sun: Keep Your Family Safe](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fun-in-the-sun-keep-your-family-safe/) - Warm, sunny days are wonderful. It's great to exercise outside, and the sun feels good on your skin. But what feels good can harm you and your family. Read on for information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about how to keep your family safe from the sun’s harmful rays.
- [Gambling: Not a Safe Thrill](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gambling-not-a-safe-thrill/) - Many Americans gamble for fun. However, for young people, gambling may become a serious addiction. The chances of a young gambler getting "hooked" are far greater than those of an adult.
- [Gastroenteritis: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gastroenteritis-when-your-child-needs-hospital-care/) - Gastroenteritis is a common childhood illness that causes diarrhea and vomiting that can lead to dehydration. It is usually caused by a virus but can also be caused by bacteria or a parasite. Most of the time mild diarrhea and vomiting last for just a few days. However, if symptoms don't go away or they get worse, your child may need to be treated in the hospital.
- [Get Fit, Stay Healthy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/get-fit-stay-healthy/) - Being fit means you're in good shape, you have energy, you're active, and you don't get tired easily during the day. Most people who are fit also feel pretty good about themselves.
- [Giving Medicine to Children: Important Safety Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/giving-medicine-to-children-important-safety-information/) - Giving medicine in the right way can help your child feel better and get well. However, medicine information and labels can be confusing. Read on for information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about prescription and over-the-counter medicines, how to give medicine in the right way, and how to prevent medicine mistakes.
- [Golf (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/golf-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - In the past, golf was seen by many as a leisure activity for people with extra time and money to spend. Today golf is seen as a sport, and one that appeals to younger participants.
- [Growing Independence: Tips for Parents of Young Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/growing-independence-tips-for-parents-of-young-children/)
- [Growing Up Healthy: Fat, Cholesterol and More](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/growing-up-healthy-fat-cholesterol-and-more/) - Many Americans consume too many calories and too much fat, especially saturated fat, trans fat, and sugar. These eating patterns are one cause of America's high rates of obesity and heart disease.
- [Gymnastics (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gymnastics-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Gymnastics is a sport of flexibility and agility that includes 4 forms: artistic, rhythmic, acrobatic, and tumbling and trampoline. Each form has its unique physical demands and specific injury risks; however, all forms include jumping and back arching and rotating movements.
- [Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hib-haemophilus-influenzae-type-b-vaccine-vis/) - Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease is a serious disease caused by bacteria. It usually affects children under 5 years old. It can also affect adults with certain medical conditions.
- [Health Care for College Students](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/health-care-for-college-students/) - College is filled with many opportunities to learn and experience life. You'll be responsible for making your own choices, including choices about your health. Following is important information to help you stay healthy and safe on your new journey.
- [Healthy Communication With Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/healthy-communication-with-your-child/) - Healthy communication with your child is one of the most important and rewarding skills that you can develop as a parent. It also makes the tough parts of parenting (such as disciplining your child) much easier and more effective. Good communication is a two-way street, meaning that listening to your child is just as important as talking to him.
- [Help Stop Teenage Suicide](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/help-stop-teenage-suicide/)
- [Helping Your Child Cope With Death](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/helping-your-child-cope-with-death/) - By school age, children understand that death is an irreversible event. Yet even though youngsters recognize that death is something more than going to sleep for a long time, they still may have many unanswered questions that they may not verbalize: Where did grandmother go when she died? What is she feeling? Is she in pain? Why did she die? Can we ever see her again? Are you going to die too? Who will take care of me if you die?
- [Helping Your Child Cope With Life](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/helping-your-child-cope-with-life/) - Every parent's dream is to raise perfect children who have no worries and lead charmed, happy lives free of pain and hurt. We dream that we can keep our children safe from loss, heartache, and danger. But even if we could, would it really help them?
- [Hepatitis A Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hepatitis-a-vaccine-vis/) - Hepatitis A is a serious liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus (HAV). HAV is found in the stool of people with hepatitis A.
- [Diaper Rash and Your baby](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diaper-rash-and-your-baby/) - Most babies get diaper rash, but it is usually not serious. Read on to find out more about what causes diaper rash and how to treat it.
- [Diarrhea and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-and-your-child/) - Diarrhea can be acute (lasts a short time) or chronic (lasting more than 2 weeks). Here is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) about acute diarrhea, as well as how to manage the symptoms, and how to help reduce your child’s chances of getting diarrhea.
- [Discipline and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/discipline-and-your-child/) - As a parent, one of your jobs is to teach your child how to behave. While this can take time, try not to get frustrated when your child does not behave. Instead, learn effective ways to discipline your child. The following is guidance from the American Academy of Pediatrics on how to discipline your child.
- [Diving (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diving-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Competitive springboard and platform divers start training and competing at an early age. Many Olympic and world champions are 18 years of age and younger.
- [Divorce and Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/divorce-and-children/) - Every year, more than 1 million children in the United States experience the divorce of their parents. Because the average divorce takes place within the first 7 years of marriage, many of these children are very young. For many children, divorce can be as difficult as the death of a parent. Children need the guidance, patience, and love of both parents to help them through.
- [Drug Abuse Prevention Starts with Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/drug-abuse-prevention-starts-with-parents/)
- [DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) Vaccine (VIS)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dtap-diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-vaccine-vis/) - Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis are serious diseases caused by bacteria. Diphtheria and pertussis are spread from person to person. Tetanus enters the body through cuts or wounds.
- [Eating Disorders: Anorexia and Bulimia](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eating-disorders-anorexia-and-bulimia/) - The 2 most well-known eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia is self-starvation. Bulimia is a disorder in which a person eats large amounts of food (binges) and then tries to undo the effects of the binge in some way, usually by ridding the body of the food that was eaten.
- [Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eczema-atopic-dermatitis-and-your-child/) - Eczema is a chronic skin problem that causes dry, red, itchy skin. It is also called atopic dermatitis or AD. Anyone can get eczema, but it is most common in babies to young adults.
- [Encourage Your Child to Be Physically Active](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/encourage-your-child-to-be-physically-active/) - Today's youth are less active and more overweight than any previous generation.
- [Everybody Gets Mad: Helping Your Child Cope with Conflict](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/everybody-gets-mad-helping-your-child-cope-with-conflict/)
- [Exercise-Related Heat Illness (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/exercise-related-heat-illness-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Exercise-related heat illness (ERHI) or "heat injury" happens when exercise is done in high temperature and high humidity. It's one type of injury, unlike sports injuries caused by contact, that can almost always be prevented with proper attention to safety and common sense.
- [Expect Respect: Healthy Relationships](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/expect-respect-healthy-relationships/)
- [Febrile Seizures](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/febrile-seizures/) - In some children, fevers can trigger seizures. Febrile seizures occur in 2% to 5% of all children between the ages of 6 months and 5 years. Seizures, sometimes called “fits” or “spells,” are frightening, but they usually are harmless. Read on for information from the American Academy of Pediatrics that will help you understand febrile seizures and what happens if your child has one.
- [Feeding Kids Right Isn't Always Easy: Tips for Preventing Food Hassles](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/feeding-kids-right-isnt-always-easy-tips-for-preventing-food-hassles/) - Young children need nutrients from a variety of foods to stay healthy. But what if your child only eats macaroni and cheese or will not eat any vegetables?
- [Fever and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever-and-your-child/) - A fever is usually a sign that the body is fighting an illness or infection. Fevers are generally harmless. In fact, they can be considered a good sign that your child's immune system is working and the body is trying to heal itself. While it is important to look for the cause of a fever, the main purpose for treating it is to help your child feel better if he is uncomfortable or has pain.
- [Figure Skating (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/figure-skating-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Figure skating is a lifelong sport that can be enjoyed by people of all ages. Competitive skating requires strength, flexibility, cardiovascular fitness, balance, jumping ability, artistic expression, mental strength, and financial resources.
- [Firearms Injury Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/firearms-injury-prevention/) - More than 44 million Americans own firearms. Of the 192 million firearms owned in the United States, 65 million are handguns. Research shows guns in homes are a serious risk to families.
- [Fluoride Varnish Can Help Prevent Tooth Decay](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fluoride-varnish-can-help-prevent-tooth-decay/) - Healthy gums and teeth are important to your child’s overall health. This is why your child’s doctor will talk with you about good dental habits even before your child’s first tooth appears.
- [Food Allergies and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/food-allergies-and-your-child/) - A food allergy happens when the body reacts against harmless proteins found in foods. The reaction usually happens shortly after a food is eaten. Food allergy reactions can vary from mild to severe.
- [Cheerleading (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cheerleading-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Cheerleading is often thought of as a sport only for high school and college athletes. However, it is becoming more popular among younger athletes as well.
- [Child Sexual Abuse](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/child-sexual-abuse/) - Sexual abuse of children is more common than most people think. About 1 out of 5 girls and 1 out of 10 boys will be sexually abused during their childhood. Parents can take steps to help prevent and recognize sexual abuse in children.
- [Childproofing Your Home](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/childproofing-your-home/) - Children are naturally curious and love to explore. Young children especially like to explore by putting things in their mouths. Before or as soon as children begin crawling or walking, parents and caregivers need to take extra steps to make sure harmful items are out of reach, out of sight, and locked up if possible.
- [Choking Prevention and First Aid for Infants and Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/choking-prevention-and-first-aid-for-infants-and-children/) - When children begin crawling, or eating table foods, parents must be aware of the dangers and risks of choking. Children younger than 5 years can easily choke on food and small objects.
- [Choosing a Pediatrician](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/choosing-a-pediatrician/) - The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has developed this information about the benefits of choosing a pediatrician, how to choose a pediatrician, and why regular well-child visits are important.
- [Choosing Quality Child Care: What's Best for Your Family?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/choosing-quality-child-care-whats-best-for-your-family/) - Finding high-quality child care is very important but not always easy. Your choice will play a key role in your child's health and development. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) about child care options to help you in your search for what's best for your family.
- [Choosing the Right Size Bicycle for Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/choosing-the-right-size-bicycle-for-your-child/) - A bicycle of the wrong size may cause your child to lose control and be injured. Any bike must be the correct size for the child for whom it is bought. To keep your child safe, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the following:
- [Circumcision: Information for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/circumcision-information-for-parents/) - Parents have different opinions about newborn circumcision based on medical, religious, cultural, and ethnic traditions, and personal reasons. Some parents choose circumcision. Some parents do not choose circumcision. Parents who are undecided should talk with their child's doctor before their child is born. They can learn about the benefits and risks of circumcision to help them choose what is best for their son. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) about circumcision.
- [Cocaine: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cocaine-what-you-need-to-know/) - Young people are surrounded by pro-drug messages in the media and on the Internet. They may try cocaine for the excitement or the experience without realizing the very real risks and consequences that come with cocaine use.
- [Concussions (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/concussions-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - A concussion is any injury to the brain that disrupts normal brain function on a temporary or permanent basis. Concussions are typically caused by a blow or jolt to the head.
- [Connecting With your Community](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/connecting-with-your-community/)
- [Constipation and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/constipation-and-your-child/) - Bowel patterns vary from child to child just as they do in adults. What's normal for your child may be different from what's normal for another child. Most children have bowel movements 1 or 2 times a day. Other children may go 2 to 3 days or longer before passing a normal stool.
- [Core Exercises (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/core-exercises-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Core exercises strengthen the muscles of the spine, abdomen, and pelvis. These muscles support all physical activity.
- [Croup and Your Young Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/croup-and-your-young-child/) - Croup is a common illness in young children. It can be scary for parents as well as children. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about croup, including types, causes, symptoms, and treatments.
- [Croup: When Your Child Needs Hospital Care](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/croup-when-your-child-needs-hospital-care/) - Croup is a common illness that affects the airways, making it hard for a child to breathe. It's most common in toddlers but can affect children between 6 months and 12 years of age. Another symptom is a loud barking cough that is worse at night. Trouble breathing and the barking cough can be scary for parent and child. Most children with viral croup also have low fever.
- [Crying and Your Baby: How to Calm a Fussy or Colicky Baby](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/crying-and-your-baby-how-to-calm-a-fussy-or-colicky-baby/) - Babies cry for different reasons. Crying is one way babies try to tell us what they need. They may be hungry, have a soiled diaper, or just want a little attention. (See checklist at the bottom.) If a crying baby cannot be comforted, the cause may be colic. Read on about colic and ways to calm a crying baby.
- [Cyberbullying: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cyberbullying-what-parents-need-to-know/) - Information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about cyberbullying and what parents can do to keep online socializing healthy for their children.
- [Dangers of Secondhand Smoke](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dangers-of-secondhand-smoke/) - Even if you don’t smoke, breathing in someone else’s smoke can be deadly too. Secondhand smoke causes about 3,000 deaths from lung cancer and tens of thousands of deaths from heart disease to nonsmoking adults in the United States each year.
- [Deciding to Wait](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/deciding-to-wait/) - No matter what you've heard, read, or seen, not everyone your age is having sex, including oral sex and intercourse. In fact, more than half of all teens choose to wait until they're older to have sex. If you have already had sex but are unsure if you should again, then wait before having sex again.
- [Decorative Contact Lenses: What Teens and Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/decorative-contact-lenses-what-teens-and-parents-need-to-know/) - Decorative contact lenses are considered medical devices. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees their safety and effectiveness, just like regular contact lenses. But changing the look of your eyes with decorative contact lenses could cause a lot of damage to your eyesight. Read more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about how to protect your eyes from harm.
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 4 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-4-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 4 Year Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-4-year-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 5 and 6 Year Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-5-and-6-year-visits/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 6 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-6-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 7 and 8 Year Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-7-and-8-year-visits/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 9 and 10 Year Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-9-and-10-year-visits/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family.
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 9 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-9-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 11-14 years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-11-14-years/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family.
- [Bright Futures Patient Handout: 15 to 17 Year Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-patient-handout-15-to-17-year-visits/)
- [Bright Futures Patient Handout: 18 to 21 Year Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-patient-handout-18-to-21-year-visits/)
- [Bright Futures Patient Handout: 7 and 8 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-patient-handout-7-and-8-years/)
- [Bright Futures Patient Handout: 9 and 10 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-patient-handout-9-and-10-years/)
- [Bronchiolitis and Your Young Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bronchiolitis-and-your-young-child/) - Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory illness among infants. One of its symptoms is trouble breathing, which can be scary for parents and young children. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about bronchiolitis, causes, signs and symptoms, how to treat it, and how to prevent it.
- [Bullying: It's Not OK](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bullying-its-not-ok/) - CONNECTED KIDS: Bullying is when one child picks on another child again and again. Usually children who are being bullied are either weaker or smaller, are shy, and generally feel helpless. Bullying most commonly takes place at school, when adults are not watching, or through email or instant messages. Whether your child is the one being bullied, doing the bullying, or simply a bystander, there are a number of measures you can take as a parent to improve their social skills and decrease their involvement in this detrimental practice.
- [Burners and Stingers (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/burners-and-stingers-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Burners and stingers are intense pains that occur when the nerves that run from the neck to the arm are stretched or compressed. This typically occurs in contact or collision sports where the shoulder may be pushed backward or the head and neck is forcibly pushed to the side. Burners are most common in football players but are also common in those who participate in hockey, wrestling, lacrosse, and diving. The term burner will be used in this handout to refer to both burners and stingers.
- [Building Strong Bones: Why Calcium Counts](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/building-strong-bones-why-calcium-counts/) - As you grow, you need calcium to build strong bones and a healthy body. Getting plenty of calcium while you are young also makes your bones strong and keeps them strong for your entire lifetime.
- [Car Safety Seat Checkup](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/car-safety-seat-checkup/) - Using a car safety seat correctly makes a big difference. Even the right seat for your child's size may not properly protect your child in a crash unless it is used correctly. So take a minute to check to be sure.
- [Car Safety Seats Product Information](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/car-safety-seats-product-information/)
- [Car Safety Seats Guide](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/car-safety-seats-guide/) - Here is more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) about choosing the most appropriate car safety seat for your child.
- [Care of the Uncircumcised Penis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/care-of-the-uncircumcised-penis/) - At birth, boys have skin that covers the end of the penis, called the foreskin. One choice you will make for your new baby boy is whether to have him circumcised. Circumcision is a surgical procedure that removes the foreskin, exposing the tip of the penis.
- [Basketball and Volleyball (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/basketball-and-volleyball-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Acute and overuse injuries are common in jumping sports like basketball and volleyball. Acute injuries include bruises (contusions); cuts and scrapes (lacerations); ankle, knee, or finger sprains or fractures; shoulder dislocations; eye injuries; and concussions. Overuse injuries include patellar tendonitis (also called jumper's knee) or Osgood-Schlatter disease, spondylolysis (stress fracture of the spine), rotator cuff tendinopathy, stress fractures, and shin splints.
- [Bedwetting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bedwetting-2/) - Bedwetting is not a serious medical condition, but it can be a challenging problem for children and parents. Read on to find out more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about bedwetting and what can be done about it.
- [Behavioral Intervention Resources for Parents: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/behavioral-intervention-resources-for-parents-adhd-toolkit/) - As a parent, you can learn to be more confident and consistent in your interactions with your child. This can help your child with a personal understanding of—and strategies for managing—his or her behaviors, at home and beyond. Here are some evidence-based parent training programs that have been shown to be effective.
- [Beyond Screen Time: A Parent’s Guide to Media Use](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/beyond-screen-time-a-parents-guide-to-media-use/) - While family is the most important influence in a child’s life, media in all its forms, including TV, computers, and other screens, are not far behind. Because media can influence how children think, feel, and behave, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) encourages parents to help their children form healthy media use habits early on. Read on for information about steps you can take to encourage healthy media use habits and to learn more about media messages and TV ratings.
- [Bicycle Safety: Myths and Facts](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bicycle-safety-myths-and-facts/) - Learning to ride a bike is a developmental milestone in the life of a child. The bicycle, a child's first vehicle, is a source of pride and a symbol of independence and freedom. Yet all too often children are seriously injured, or even killed, when they fail to follow basic bicycle safety rules. The following is a list of common bicycle safety myths, coupled with the correct information you need to teach your children about safe bike riding. These facts will help you and your children make every bike ride safe.
- [Biking (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/biking-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Biking is a fun way for children of all ages to get active and stay fit. Most children learn to ride a tricycle at around 3 years of age. Between 4 and 7 years of age most children learn to ride a bike. However, remember that each child is different and will learn to ride a bike at his or her own pace.
- [Safety for Your Child: Birth to 6 Months](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-birth-to-6-months/) - Did you know that hundreds of children younger than 1 year die every year in the United States because of injuries — most of which could be prevented?
- [Born Early (Preterm): At the Hospital](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/born-early-preterm-at-the-hospital/) - Preterm (premature) birth occurs in about 11 to 13 percent of pregnancies in the US. Almost 60 percent of twins, triplets, and other multiple deliveries result in preterm births.
- [Born Early (Preterm): Health Concerns](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/born-early-preterm-health-concerns/) - Because preterm (premature) babies are born before they are physically ready to leave the womb, they often have health problems. These newborns have higher rates of disabilities (such as cerebral palsy) and even death.
- [Breastfeeding Your Baby: Getting Started](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-your-baby-getting-started/) - Getting ready for the birth of your baby is an exciting and busy time. One of the most important decisions you will make is how to feed your baby.
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 1 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-1-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 12 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-12-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 15 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-15-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 15 to 17 Year Visits](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-15-to-17-year-visits/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family.
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 18 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-18-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 2 Month Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-2-month-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: First Week Visit (3 to 5 Days)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-first-week-visit-3-to-5-days/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family.
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 2 Year Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-2-year-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 2½ Year Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-2½-year-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Bright Futures Parent Handout: 3 Year Visit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bright-futures-parent-handout-3-year-visit/) - Here are some suggestions from Bright Futures experts that may be of value to your family
- [Laboratory Tests: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/laboratory-tests-autism-toolkit/) - All children have some laboratory tests at birth and as part of regular checkups. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often need more tests. These tests can help find the cause of the condition or problems related to it that may not be obvious. This helps guide your child’s doctor in treating your child best.
- [Nutrition and Eating Problems: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/nutrition-and-eating-problems-autism-toolkit/) - Eating problems are common in children. In children with ASD, the problems may be more serious and last longer because of problems with taste, texture, or smell. They may be the result of learned behaviors.
- [School-Based Services: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/school-based-services-autism-toolkit/) - There are different levels of intervention that a teacher and school can provide to your child: (1) Informal plan. (2) Response to intervention (RTI). (3) Section 504 plan. (4) Individualized Education Program (IEP).
- [Seizures and Epilepsy: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/seizures-and-epilepsy-autism-toolkit/) - About 1 in 4 children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has seizures. Seizures usually start in early childhood or the early teen years. Children with ASD who have a lower IQ or cannot speak have the highest risk for seizures. Epilepsy is defined as 2 or more seizures when the child does not have a fever or another medical reason for the seizure.
- [Sibling Support: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sibling-support-autism-toolkit/) - Siblings might ask about autism if they’ve heard you use the term, but they’re more likely to ask about what their brother or sister is doing (ie, behaviors). There is no “perfect time” for these conversations, but starting early and revising your description for age appropriateness can be very helpful.
- [Sleep Problems: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/sleep-problems-autism-toolkit/) - Sleep problems are common in children with and without autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One-half to one-third of children with ASD have sleep problems.
- [Talking About Sexuality for Parents of Teens With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/talking-about-sexuality-for-parents-of-teens-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-autism-toolkit/) - All children and teens, including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have questions about physical changes in their bodies, emotions, and feelings during and after puberty. It is important to help children and teens understand these changes by talking with them early and often about puberty and sexuality.
- [Teaching Social Skills: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teaching-social-skills-autism-toolkit/) - Having a hard time socializing is one of the key features in children witdh autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD can have difficulty with many social skills.
- [The Medical Home for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/the-medical-home-for-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-autism-toolkit/) - Parents, pediatricians, and other health care professionals are encouraged to work together so that all of the needs of children and youths are met. This partnership is at the core of what the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) calls a medical home. The medical home is not a physical place but rather a way of giving a child comprehensive and compassionate primary care. A medical home helps coordinate the medical care and other services your child needs into a single plan for your child’s health.
- [Toilet Training: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/toilet-training-autism-toolkit/) - Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often have slowed development, may be stuck on their own routines, or may be nervous about learning a new skill. They may not understand how to copy the steps using the toilet, or they may not understand the words parents are using. Many children with ASD may toilet train at a later age than typically developing children.
- [Vaccines: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/vaccines-autism-toolkit/) - Scientific studies show that many different genes work together with things in the environment to put a child at risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Scientific studies do not show that vaccines cause ASD.
- [Visiting the Doctor: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/visiting-the-doctor-autism-toolkit/) - Going to the doctor can be stressful for any child. For a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there may be extra challenges because of sensory, communication, and other symptoms. Here are some tips to help make visiting the doctor easier.
- [Wandering Off (Elopement): Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/wandering-off-elopement-autism-toolkit/) - Research shows that about 1 in 3 young children with ASD has tried to wander off. This behavior may continue to happen in older children and even teenagers and adults with ASD. This is concerning since many people with ASD may not be able to share their names, addresses, or phone numbers if they get lost.
- [Asthma and Exercise (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asthma-and-exercise-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Almost every child (and adult) with asthma can benefit from sports and physical activity. Also, asthma should not prevent young athletes from enjoying a full athletic career. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about asthma and exercise.
- [Asthma and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asthma-and-your-child/) - This handout informs parents about asthma, including information about asthma symptoms, triggers, treatments, medicines, and how to communicate with your child's school.
- [Baby Walkers: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/baby-walkers-what-you-need-to-know/) - Most walker injuries happen while adults are watching. Parents or caregivers simply cannot respond quickly enough. A child in a walker can move more than 3 feet in 1 second! That is why walkers are never safe to use, even with an adult close by.
- [Babysitting Reminders](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/babysitting-reminders/) - Parents should: Meet the siiter and check references and training in advance. | Be certain the sitter has had first aid training and knows CPR. | Be sure the sitter is at least 13 years old and mature enough to handle common emergencies.
- [Back to Sleep, Tummy to Play](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/back-to-sleep-tummy-to-play/) - Remember … Back to Sleep, Tummy to Play
- [Ballet and Dance (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ballet-and-dance-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Dance is an artistic, athletic, expressive, and social form of physical activity that appeals to a wide variety of individuals. The physical aspects of dance can be both a valuable source of exercise as well as a cause of injury. For young people who take dance classes, have formal training in dance, or perform as dancers, they typically do so in one of the following dance disciplines: ballet, jazz, modern, tap, hip hop, Irish, or lyrical.
- [Baseball and Softball (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/baseball-and-softball-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Baseball and softball are extremely popular among America's youth. Injuries are common because of the large number of athletes participating. While most injuries are acute, there are specific overuse injuries that commonly affect young ball players. Most of these injuries can be prevented.
- [Hernia - Inguinal](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hernia-inguinal/) - A hernia is a bulge in the groin or upper scrotum. The bulge contains a loop of intestine. It slides through a defect in the muscles of the lower abdomen.
- [Herpangina](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/herpangina/) - A viral infection that causes little ulcers in the back of the mouth
- [Herpes Gingivostomatitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/herpes-gingivostomatitis/) - A viral infection of the mouth and lips in young children
- [Hitting and Aggressive Behavior](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hitting-and-aggressive-behavior/) - Hitting is the most common type of aggressive behavior. Others include slapping, pinching, scratching, poking, hair-pulling, biting, kicking, shoving, and knocking down.
- [Hives](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hives/) - Hives is a rash made up of raised pink bumps with pale centers. Most often, rash is very itchy
- [Human Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/human-bite/) - Bite from a human child or teen.
- [Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) Dosage Table](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ibuprofen-advil-motrin-dosage-table/) - Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) Dosage Table
- [Impetigo - Infected Sores](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/impetigo-infected-sores/) - Coin-shaped sores on the skin. Covered by scabs or crusts that are the color of honey
- [Incentives for Motivating Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/incentives-for-motivating-children/) - Incentives are rewards or prizes that are given for desired behaviors. The reward must be strongly desired by the child. You can ask your child for ideas.
- [Inclusion in School: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/inclusion-in-school-autism-toolkit/) - Inclusion in school means students with disabilities learn and participate alongside their peers without disabilities. Inclusion may look different for each student. It should be guided by student needs and include supports, if needed, to promote success. Inclusion is not just about education in the classroom. It includes chances to be part of activities before, during, and after school with nondisabled peers. This may include clubs, committees, or sports teams. It is important to focus on the needs of the student and encourage inclusive chances in which she can be successful.
- [Influenza Exposure](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/influenza-exposure/) - Exposure (Close Contact) to a person with influenza. Your child has NO symptoms of influenza (no fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose).
- [Influenza Seasonal (Age 0-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/influenza-seasonal-age-0-5/) - Your child has symptoms of influenza (flu). Flu is a viral infection. The nose, throat, and upper parts of the airway are involved. Family members or close friends have symptoms of flu
- [Influenza Seasonal (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/influenza-seasonal-age-6-21/) - Your child has symptoms of influenza (flu). Flu is a viral infection. The nose, throat, and upper parts of the airway are involved. Family members or close friends have symptoms of flu
- [Insect Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/insect-bite/) - Bite from an insect (bug).
- [Intervention Approaches Used for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/intervention-approaches-used-for-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-autism-toolkit/) - If you have concerns about your child’s development and behavior, your child should be seen to tell if she needs therapy. You do not need a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to begin many kinds of therapy. There can be a long wait for ASD diagnosis, so it is important to start therapy while your child is still waiting for a diagnosis. However, once your child is diagnosed with ASD, she may be able to get more interventions, such as applied behavioral analysis (ABA). It is important to have your child seen by an ASD specialist even if your child is already receiving intervention.
- [Jaundiced Newborn](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/jaundiced-newborn/) - Jaundice means the skin has turned a yellow color. Bilirubin is the pigment that turns the skin yellow.
- [Jock Itch](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/jock-itch/) - Fungus infection and rash of the groin and inner, upper thighs. Jock itch is also called ringworm of the crotch
- [Joint Hypermobility Syndrome (Normal Loose Joints)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/joint-hypermobility-syndrome-normal-loose-joints/) - Children with this syndrome have loose joints. Movement at their joints are excessive. Joints can be stretched beyond the normal range. Affects over 10% of children.
- [Keratosis Pilaris](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/keratosis-pilaris/) - A chronic condition of dry, rough skin on the upper arms. Called Keratosis Pilaris (KP)
- [Labial Fusion](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/labial-fusion/) - The labia minora (vaginal lips or folds) are stuck together. Also called labial adhesions
- [Food Allergy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/food-allergy/) - Allergic reaction to a food.
- [Food Poisoning](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/food-poisoning/) - Rapid onset of vomiting and diarrhea after eating a bad food.
- [Foreskin Care Questions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/foreskin-care-questions/) - Questions about caring for the normal uncircumcised penis in a baby boy. Includes questions about foreskin retraction. Smegma questions are covered.
- [Foreskin Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/foreskin-infection/) - A bacterial infection of the space between the foreskin and head of the penis. The medical name is posthitis
- [Frequency-Urgency Syndrome](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/frequency-urgency-syndrome/) - New onset of passing urine often while awake. This is called urinary frequency
- [Frostbite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/frostbite/) - Frostbite is a cold injury to the skin. The ears, nose, fingers, and toes are most often affected
- [Gastrointestinal Problems: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/gastrointestinal-problems-autism-toolkit/) - Gastrointestinal (GI) problems include constipation, diarrhea, reflux, vomiting, belly pain, and feeding problems. Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have GI problems. These symptoms can add stress to the child and family and may cause behaviors such as aggression or self-injury.
- [Granuloma Annulare](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/granuloma-annulare/) - Granuloma Annulare (GA) is a bumpy skin condition in the shape of a circle
- [Growing Pains](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/growing-pains/) - Growing pains are harmless pains that occur in the leg muscles. They are common and occur in 10 to 20% of children. They often start between ages 4 and 6.
- [Hair Loss - From Hair Twisting Habit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hair-loss-from-hair-twisting-habit/) - A nervous habit of twisting or pulling out the hair. The medical name for this is trichotillomania.
- [Hair Loss - From Severe Stress](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hair-loss-from-severe-stress/) - Major thinning of the hair starting 3 months after a stressful event. The medical name for this type of hair loss is telogen effluvium.
- [Hair Loss - From Tight Hair Style](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hair-loss-from-tight-hair-style/) - Broken hairs from tight braids or pony tails
- [Hand-Foot-And-Mouth Disease](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/hand-foot-and-mouth-disease/) - Hand-Foot-And-Mouth Disease (HFMD) is a viral infection. Small red spots and tiny water blisters. Seen on the palms, fingers, soles and toes. The diagnosis cannot be made without these.
- [Head Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/head-injury/) - Injuries to the head. Includes the scalp, skull and brain
- [Headache - Migraine](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/headache-migraine/) - Your child is having a migraine headache. It is like previous migraines
- [Headache - Muscle Tension](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/headache-muscle-tension/) - Pain or discomfort in the muscles of the scalp. This includes the forehead to the back of the head
- [Headache - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/headache-symptom/) - Pain or discomfort of the head. This includes the forehead to the back of the head
- [Heartburn](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/heartburn/) - Pain or burning caused by irritation of the lower esophagus from stomach acid. The esophagus is the tube from mouth to stomach. Pain is located in the lower chest or upper belly. Also, called acid indigestion
- [Heat Rash](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/heat-rash/) - A fine pink rash caused by overheating. Mainly on the face, neck, chest, and upper back
- [Heat Reactions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/heat-reactions/) - Symptoms after being in high temperatures (such as heat waves). Symptoms after hard work or sports during hot weather.
- [Earwax Buildup](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/earwax-buildup/) - Concerns about earwax (cerumen) buildup or blockage. Questions about earwax removal
- [Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eczema-atopic-dermatitis/) - Eczema is a chronic dry skin disease with recurrent flare-ups of severe itching.The rash is red and itchy.
- [Emergency Symptoms Not to Miss](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/emergency-symptoms-not-to-miss/) - A list of emergency symptoms that are seen in childhood. If your child develops one of these symptoms, you want to recognize it early on
- [Eye Allergy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eye-allergy/) - An allergic reaction of the eyes. Main symptoms are itchy and watery eyes. Sometimes, the eyes can sting or burn.
- [Eye Foreign Body](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eye-foreign-body/) - A foreign body (FB) or object becomes stuck in the eye.
- [Eye Infection - Bacterial](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eye-infection-bacterial/) - Bacterial infection of the eye. Main symptom is lots of yellow or green discharge (pus) in the eye.
- [Eye Infection - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eye-infection-viral/) - A viral infection of the eye. The main symptom is a pink or red eye.
- [Eye Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eye-injury/) - Injuries to the eye, eyelid, and area around the eye.
- [Eye Irritation](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/eye-irritation/) - Eye irritation from getting an irritating substance in the eye. The main symptom is a pink or red eye.
- [Pink Eye - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/pink-eye-symptom/) - Red or pink color of the white of the eye.
- [Fever - Facts Versus Myths](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever-facts-versus-myths/) - Fever is a body temperature of 100.4 F (38 C) or higher. Fever is a symptom, not a disease.
- [Fever - How to Take the Temperature](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever-how-to-take-the-temperature/) - Questions about how to take the temperature and when is it a fever.
- [Fever (Age 0-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever-age-0-5/) - Your child has a fever if: Rectal, Ear or Forehead temperature: 100.4° F (38.0° C) or higher. Oral or Mouth temperature: 100° F (37.8° C) or higher.
- [Fever (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fever-age-6-21/) - Your child has a fever if: Ear or Forehead temperature: 100.4° F (38.0° C) or higher. Oral or Mouth temperature: 100° F (37.8° C) or higher.
- [Fifth Disease](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fifth-disease/) - Fifth disease is a viral rash that starts with red cheeks. Then it spreads to the shoulders and upper thighs.
- [Financial Assistance: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/financial-assistance-autism-toolkit/) - Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are able to get support from programs funded through their state or county. Some examples are financial help, education support, medical care, job skills training, and residential or living services. Some supports are available to all children because of federal laws, such as a free public education, including special education if needed. Other public benefits are based on need, such as financial or how serious the disability is. Most children with ASD, especially those who also have intellectual disability, will qualify for these benefits.
- [Finger Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/finger-injury/) - Injuries to fingers
- [Fingernail Infection - Bacterial](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fingernail-infection-bacterial/) - Mild bacterial infection of the skin fold next to the fingernail
- [Fingernail Infection - Yeast](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fingernail-infection-yeast/) - Mild chronic infection of the skin fold next to the fingernail. The medical name is chronic paronychia
- [Fire Ant Sting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/fire-ant-sting/) - Stung by a fire ant. Fire ant stings are more common in the Southern U.S.
- [Dizziness - From Sudden or Prolonged Standing](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dizziness-from-sudden-or-prolonged-standing/) - Diarrhea means 2 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 loose stool can be normal.
- [Dizziness - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dizziness-symptom/) - Dizziness is a sensation of light-headedness or feeling faint
- [Drinking Fluids During Illness](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/drinking-fluids-during-illness/) - Child drinks less than normal amounts of fluid during an illness
- [Dry Skin](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dry-skin/) - The skin is dry and rough
- [Ear - Congestion](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-congestion/) - Ear Congestion is a stuffy or plugged up feeling in the ear. Crackling or popping noise in the ear. Hearing is often muffled
- [Ear - Swimmer's](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-swimmers/) - An infection or irritation of the skin that lines the ear canal. Caused by lots of swimming or using cotton swabs.The medical name is otitis external.
- [Ear - Touching Habit (Normal)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-touching-habit-normal/) - A young child who touches, pulls, tugs, or pokes at the ear. No crying or report of ear pain
- [Ear Canal - Itchy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-canal-itchy/) - A child who itches the ear canal. No crying or report of ear pain.
- [Ear Fluid (Middle Ear Effusion)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-fluid-middle-ear-effusion/) - The buildup of fluid in the middle ear (the space behind the eardrum). The space is normally filled with air. The presence of fluid dampens the hearing.
- [Ear Infection - Bacterial](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-infection-bacterial/) - A bacterial infection of the middle ear (the space behind the eardrum).
- [Ear Infection - Ruptured Eardrum](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-infection-ruptured-eardrum/) - The eardrum has ruptured and cloudy fluid drains from the ear canal. Caused by a bacterial infection of the middle ear (the space behind the eardrum).
- [Ear Infection - Viral](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-infection-viral/) - A viral infection of the middle ear (the space behind the eardrum).
- [Ear Infections - Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-infections-prevention/) - Advice about how to prevent recurrent ear infections.
- [Ear Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-injury/) - Injuries to the outer ear, ear canal or eardrum.
- [Ear Pierced (Healed) - Minor Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-pierced-healed-minor-infection/) - Minor pierced ear infection. More than 6 weeks since ear was pierced. Initial healing went well. New symptoms are localized redness, swelling and crusting just at earring site. Spreading redness is more serious and needs to be seen.
- [Ear Pierced (New) - Minor Infection](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-pierced-new-minor-infection/) - Minor pierced ear infection. Less than 6 weeks since ear was pierced. Symptoms are localized redness, swelling and crusting just at earring site. Spreading redness is more serious and needs to be seen
- [Ear Tube Surgery](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ear-tube-surgery/) - Ear tubes are tiny plastic tubes that are placed across the eardrum. They are placed by an ear (ENT) surgeon. Also called ventilation tubes, tympanostomy tubes or PE tubes
- [Earache - From Air Travel](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/earache-from-air-travel/) - Ear pain that starts during air travel. Medical name is barotitis media or barotrauma.
- [Earache - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/earache-symptom/) - Pain in or around the ear (an earache). The older child complains about ear pain. Younger child acts like he did with last ear infection or cries a lot.
- [Early Intervention Services: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/early-intervention-services-autism-toolkit/) - Children learn by watching, imitating, and playing with others. Young children with signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often do not have some of these skills, and they need to learn them. The goal of early intervention (EI) is to help young children gain skills and to teach families some specific ways to meet their child’s needs. It is important to get help for your child as soon as possible. The earlier a child begins EI, the better the outcome can be.
- [Contact Dermatitis - Irritant](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/contact-dermatitis-irritant/) - Red area of the skin from contact with an irritant
- [Cough - Allergic](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cough-allergic/) - Cough caused by pollens or other allergic substances.
- [Cough - Symptom (Age 0-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cough-symptom-age-0-5/) - A cough is the sound made when the cough reflex clears the lungs. It helps protect the lungs from infections. A coughing fit or spell is over 5 minutes of nonstop coughing. Coughs can be dry (no mucus) or wet (with mucus).
- [Cough - Symptom (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cough-symptom-age-6-21/) - A cough is the sound made when the cough reflex clears the lungs. It helps protect the lungs from infections. A coughing fit or spell is over 5 minutes of nonstop coughing. Coughs can be dry (no mucus) or wet (with mucus)
- [Cough - Viral (Age 0-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cough-viral-age-0-5/) - Viral infection of the lower airway (the bronchi) that go to the lungs. This is the most common cause of a cough in children. Medical names are viral bronchitis, lower respiratory infection, LRI
- [Cough - Viral (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cough-viral-age-6-21/) - Viral infection of the lower airway (the bronchi) that go to the lungs. This is the most common cause of a cough in children. Medical names are viral bronchitis, lower respiratory infection, LRI
- [Coughs and Colds: Medicines or Home Remedies?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/coughs-and-colds-medicines-or-home-remedies/) - Every parent wants to help their child get over cough and cold symptoms. You could buy a non-prescription cough and cold medicine. Or you could turn to some home remedies. Which is better?
- [Cracked Skin (Feet)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cracked-skin-feet/) - Cracked skin on the toes or feet
- [Cracked Skin (Hands)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cracked-skin-hands/) - Cracked skin on the fingers or hand
- [Cradle Cap](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cradle-cap/) - A scaly rash on the scalp that starts in newborns.
- [Croup](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/croup/) - Croup is an infection of the voicebox (larynx) caused by a virus.
- [Cuts and Scrapes](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cuts-and-scrapes/) - Cut or scrape injuries to the skin anywhere on the body
- [Diaper Rash](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diaper-rash/) - Any rash on the skin covered by a diaper. Diaper-wearing age group (birth to 3 years).
- [Diarrhea (Age 1-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-age-1-5/) - Diarrhea is the sudden increase in the number and looseness of stools. Diarrhea means 2 or more watery stools. Reason: a few loose stools can be normal with changes in diet. Most diarrhea is caused by a viral infection of the intestines.
- [Diarrhea (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-age-6-21/) - Diarrhea is the sudden increase in the number and looseness of stools. Diarrhea means 2 or more watery stools. Reason: a few loose stools can be normal with changes in diet. Most diarrhea is caused by a viral infection of the intestines.
- [Diarrhea (Baby on Breastmilk)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-baby-on-breastmilk/) - Diarrhea is the sudden increase in the number and looseness of stools. Diarrhea means 2 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 loose stool can be normal with changes in diet. Most diarrhea is caused by a viral infection of the intestines.
- [Diarrhea (Baby on Formula)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-baby-on-formula/) - Diarrhea is the sudden increase in the number and looseness of stools. Diarrhea means 2 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 loose stool can be normal with changes in diet. Most diarrhea is caused by a viral infection of the intestines.
- [Diarrhea on Antibiotics](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/diarrhea-on-antibiotics/) - Diarrhea begins while taking an antibiotic. Diarrhea means 2 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 loose stool can be normal.
- [Discussing the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder With Your Child: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/discussing-the-diagnosis-of-autism-spectrum-disorder-with-your-child-autism-toolkit/) - As your child gets older, she may read reports or hear the word autism in reference to her. Some children are aware of their diagnosis, but some are not aware, and the parents may worry that their children will become upset when they find out they have autism. This is a valid concern, and it is better if your child is told about his diagnosis by you in a safe and supportive environment rather than on paper or through conversations with others.
- [Dizziness - From Dehydration](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/dizziness-from-dehydration/) - Dizziness is a sensation of light-headedness or feeling faint
- [Bronchiolitis (RSV)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bronchiolitis-rsv/) - A viral infection of the smallest airways in the lungs. Wheezing is the main symptom. Average age for getting bronchiolitis is 6 months (Range: birth to 2 years).
- [Bruises](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bruises/) - Bruises to the skin anywhere on the body. Bruises are bleeding into the skin from damaged blood vessels
- [Burns](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/burns/) - Burns to the skin. A burn is a heat, chemical or electrical injury to the skin
- [Canker Sores](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/canker-sores/) - Painful, shallow ulcers (sores) on the inner lips or cheeks. Not caused by an infection
- [Cellulitis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cellulitis/) - A bacterial infection of the skin. Main symptom is spreading redness that is painful to the touch
- [Chalazion (Lump on Eyelid)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/chalazion-lump-on-eyelid/) - A chalazion is a lump in the middle of the eyelid. It’s caused by a blocked off oil gland.
- [Chest Pain - Sore Muscles](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/chest-pain-sore-muscles/) - Pain or discomfort in the chest wall from muscle overuse.
- [Chest Pain - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/chest-pain-symptom/) - Pain or discomfort in the chest wall from muscle overuse.
- [Chickenpox](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/chickenpox/) - Chickenpox is a viral rash all over the body
- [Circumcision Problems](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/circumcision-problems/) - A circumcision is the removal of most of the male foreskin. Questions about caring for the normal circumcised penis in a baby boy.
- [Cold Sores (Fever Blisters)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cold-sores-fever-blisters/) - Sores on the outer lip caused by the herpes virus. Sores tend to recur
- [Colds (Age 0-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/colds-age-0-5/) - The common cold is a viral infection of the nose and throat. Main symptoms are a runny nose and sore throat.
- [Colds (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/colds-age-6-21/) - The common cold is a viral infection of the nose and throat. Main symptoms are a runny nose and sore throat.
- [Colds: What You Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/colds-what-you-need-to-know/) - There is no cure for the common cold because colds are caused by viruses. Antibiotics don’t kill viruses, so they will not make your child’s cold better. But you can help your child feel better until the cold goes away.
- [Colic (Crying Baby)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/colic-crying-baby/) - A baby less than 3 months old with excessive crying. Crying is the only symptom and baby is normal when not crying.
- [Constipation - Bowel Cleanout for Stool Impaction](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/constipation-bowel-cleanout-for-stool-impaction/) - A bowel cleanout is a medical treatment plan ordered by your doctor. It is used for emptying out the rectum and colon (lower bowel).
- [Constipation (Age 1-5)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/constipation-age-1-5/) - Can’t pass a stool or pain (crying) when passing a stool. Can’t pass a stool after straining or pushing longer than 10 minutes. Passes stools infrequently. Pass stools every 3 days or longer.
- [Constipation (Age 6-21)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/constipation-age-6-21/) - Can’t pass a stool or pain (crying) when passing a stool. Can’t pass a stool after straining or pushing longer than 10 minutes. Passes stools infrequently. Pass stools every 3 days or longer.
- [Constipation (Baby)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/constipation-baby/) - Can’t pass a stool or pain (crying) when passing a stool. Can’t pass a stool after straining or pushing longer than 10 minutes. Passes stools infrequently. Your child is less than 1 year old.
- [Contact Dermatitis - Allergic](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/contact-dermatitis-allergic/) - Red itchy area of the skin from contact with an allergic substance
- [Back Pain - Muscle Strain](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/back-pain-muscle-strain/) - Back muscle pain from carrying or lifting heavy things
- [Back Pain - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/back-pain-symptom/) - Pain or discomfort in the upper, mid or lower back. Includes minor muscle strain from back overuse
- [Bed Bug Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bed-bug-bite/) - Bites from bed bugs.
- [Bedwetting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bedwetting/) - Wetting the bed at night while asleep. The medical name is nocturnal enuresis
- [Bee or Yellow Jacket Sting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bee-or-yellow-jacket-sting/) - Stung by a honeybee, bumblebee, hornet, wasp, or yellow jacket. Over 95 percent of stings are from honey bees or yellow jackets. The main symptoms are pain and redness.
- [Behavior Challenges: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/behavior-challenges-autism-toolkit/) - Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have a hard time relating to and communicating with other people. They may try to communicate through their behaviors. For example, children with ASD may have a hard time telling their parents that they do not want to do an activity that parents want them to. They may then throw a tantrum from frustration instead of using words.
- [Behavior Training - Consequences](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/behavior-training-consequences/) - Consequences are what happens after a child breaks a rule. All children need universal rules and limits about what is good and bad behavior. They need consequences to help them learn the right choice. If the consequence is unpleasant (negative feedback or a punishment), the child is less likely to repeat the bad behavior.
- [Behavior Training - Rules and Discipline Basics](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/behavior-training-rules-and-discipline-basics/) - Children come into this world impulsive and undisciplined. When they start to walk, they begin to get into trouble. They do not develop much self-control until 3 years of age. They need to be taught safe and socially acceptable behavior.
- [Biting](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/biting/) - The bad habit of biting people. One of the most unacceptable of aggressive behaviors.
- [Blisters - Friction](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/blisters-friction/) - Raised pocket of clear fluid, covered by skin. Friction blisters usually occur on the palms, fingers, heels or toes.
- [Boil](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/boil/) - Staph skin infection causing a painful red lump in the skin
- [Bottle-Feeding (Formula) Questions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/bottle-feeding-formula-questions/) - Common questions asked about formula and feeding from a bottle.
- [Breast Buds](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breast-buds/) - A small disc-shaped lump felt under the nipple (areola). Indicates the start of puberty
- [Breastfeeding - Baby Questions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-baby-questions/) - Breastfeeding questions about your baby
- [Breastfeeding - Milk and Feeding Questions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-milk-and-feeding-questions/) - Breastfeeding questions about feeding, milk and supply
- [Breastfeeding - Mother's Breast Symptoms](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-mothers-breast-symptoms/) - Breastfeeding questions about mother’s breast symptoms
- [Breastfeeding - Mother's Diet and Alcohol Use](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-mothers-diet-and-alcohol-use/) - Breastfeeding questions about mother’s diet and alcohol use. Main concern is how much gets into breastmilk and could this affect the baby.
- [Breastfeeding - Mother's Illness](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-mothers-illness/) - Breastfeeding questions about mother’s illness
- [Breastfeeding - Mother's Medicines and Smoking](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-mothers-medicines-and-smoking/) - Breastfeeding questions about mother’s medicines, drugs or smoking. Main concern is how much gets into breastmilk and could this affect the baby.
- [Breath-Holding Spell](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breath-holding-spell/) - A spell that includes holding the breath, then turning blue and passing out.
- [Alcohol and Your Child: What Parents Need to Know](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/alcohol-and-your-child-what-parents-need-to-know/) - One of the most abused drugs in our society is alcohol. It's also a drug that many people start using at very young ages. Though it's illegal for people younger than 21 years to drink, many children are introduced to alcohol well before they reach that age. The earlier they begin using alcohol, the higher the risk they will have problems with it later in life. This publication was written by the American Academy of Pediatrics to help parents understand the dangers of alcohol and how to prevent alcohol use.
- [Allergies in Children](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/allergies-in-children/) - Allergy describes a condition involving the immune system that causes sneezing and itching, chronic rashes, wheezing, or even life-threatening allergic reactions. Whether minor or serious, there are things you can do to prevent or control most allergic problems. The more you know about allergies—the symptoms, causes, and treatments—the more prepared you will be to help your child. Read on to find out more.
- [Amoxicillin Rash](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/amoxicillin-rash/) - A harmless rash that occurs when a child is taking an antibiotic. The rash is not from a drug allergy. Occurs in 10% of children who are taking amoxicillin.
- [Anal Fissure](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anal-fissure/) - An anal fissure is a shallow tear in the skin around the anus. This is the cause in over 90% of children with blood in the stools.
- [Anaphylaxis](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anaphylaxis/) - For anyone experiencing anaphylaxis, epinephrine should be given right away followed by a call to 911 for further treatment and transfer to a hospital. The main medicine to treat anaphylaxis is epinephrine. This is a medicine given by an injection. The best place to inject it is in the muscles of the outer part of the thigh. If the symptoms do not improve very quickly, the injection should be given again in 5 to 30 minutes.
- [Anemia in Children and Teens](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anemia-in-children-and-teens/) - Anemia can make your child appear pale in color and feel cranky, tired, or weak. Though these symptoms may worry you, the most common causes of anemia—such as iron deficiency—are generally easy to treat, especially when anemia is detected early.
- [Anesthesia and Your Child: Information for Parents](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anesthesia-and-your-child-information-for-parents/) - Any time a child requires a hospital visit, it can cause anxiety for both a parent and the child. This especially may be the case when the visit involves any type of procedure that might require anesthesia. Examples of such procedures are surgery, medical imaging, and certain tests to examine the stomach or intestines. Read on for more information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about anesthesia.
- [Anesthesia and Your Child: The Day of the Procedure](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anesthesia-and-your-child-the-day-of-the-procedure/) - Some hospitals allow 1 support person (usually a parent) to go with a child into the operating room or other area where the child is to receive anesthesia. This may be possible for scheduled procedures or surgeries but not for emergency surgery. Check on the policy at your hospital ahead of time. Your child’s anesthesiologist will make the final decision. Remember, if you stay with your child when anesthesia is given, the purpose of being there is to support your child and ease her fears. Do this for the child, not for yourself.
- [Animal Bite](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/animal-bite/) - Bite or claw wound from a pet, farm or wild animal.
- [Ankle Sprain Treatment (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/ankle-sprain-treatment-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Acute ankle and foot injuries are common in athletes and other active young people. Sprains account for the greatest number of acute injuries.
- [Answers About Complementary and Integrative Medicine: Autism Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/answers-about-complementary-and-integrative-medicine-autism-toolkit/) - Complementary medicine refers to practices that are used in addition to the educational, behavioral, and medical interventions recommended by your child’s pediatrician and schools. Alternative medicine refers to treatments that are used in place of the recommendations of your child’s pediatrician. When traditional and complementary practices are used together, it is often called integrative medicine. CAM (complementary and alternative medicine) is another way of saying complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) treatments.
- [Antibiotics Aren't Always Needed](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/antibiotics-arent-always-needed/) - Parents need to know that using antibiotics when they are not the right medicine will not help and may even cause harm to children.
- [Antibiotics - When Do They Help?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/antibiotics-when-do-they-help/) - Antibiotics are strong medicines that can kill bacteria. However, they are often over-used in our society
- [Appetite Slump - Young Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/appetite-slump-young-child/) - You are concerned that your child is not eating enough food each day. It may seem like your child is never hungry.
- [Arm Injury](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/arm-injury/) - Injuries to the arm (shoulder to hand). Injuries to a bone, muscle, joint or ligament.
- [Arm Pain - Muscle Strain](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/arm-pain-muscle-strain/) - Arm muscle pain from hard work or sports (muscle overuse). Pain is not caused by an injury. Also called muscle overuse syndrome
- [Arm Pain - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/arm-pain-symptom/) - Pain in the arm (shoulder to fingers). Includes shoulder, elbow, wrist and finger joints. Includes minor muscle strains from hard work or sports (overuse). Pain is not caused by an injury
- [Asthma Attack](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asthma-attack/) - Your child is having an asthma attack. Your child has been diagnosed in the past with asthma.
- [Athlete's Foot](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/athletes-foot/) - Fungus infection of the feet. Causes an itchy rash on the feet and between the toes
- [Baby Bottle Tooth Decay - Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/baby-bottle-tooth-decay-prevention/) - Baby bottle tooth decay (BBTD) is the main type of tooth decay in toddlers. It’s caused by excessive exposure to milk or juice. That happens with crib bottles or tote bottles.
- [Anal Itching](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/anal-itching/) - Itching of the anus. Occurs on a repeated basis.
- [Abdominal Pain - Stress Related](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/abdominal-pain-stress-related/) - Pain or discomfort in the stomach (abdomen or belly). The stomach pains occur when your child is worried about something. This is often called the “worried stomach”.
- [Abdominal Pain - Symptom](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/abdominal-pain-symptom/) - Pain or discomfort in the stomach (abdomen or belly). Pain found between the bottom of the rib cage and the groin crease.
- [About Bicycle Helmets](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/about-bicycle-helmets/) - You should only buy a helmet that meets the bicycle helmet safety standards of the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). Any helmet meeting these standards is labeled. Check the inside.
- [Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Dosage Table](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/acetaminophen-tylenol-dosage-table/) - Acetaminophen (Tylenol) Dosage Table
- [ACL Injuries (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/acl-injuries-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - The ACL is the ligament that connects the femur (thigh bone) and tibia (shin bone) inside the knee joint. Ligaments are tough, non-stretchable fibers that hold bones together. The ACL, along with the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL), and menisci (cartilages), helps keep the knee stable and helps protect the knee from shifting, rotating, and hyperextending during running, jumping, or landing.
- [Acne](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/acne/) - Acne is a skin condition caused by blocked oil glands. Main symptoms are pimples and blackheads on the face.
- [Acne: How to Treat and Control It](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/acne-how-to-treat-and-control-it/) - Almost all teens get zits at one time or another. It's called acne. Whether your case is mild or severe, there are things you can do to keep it under control. Read on to find out how.
- [Acute Ear Infections and Your Child](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/acute-ear-infections-and-your-child/) - Next to the common cold, an ear infection is the most common childhood illness. In fact, most children have at least one ear infection by the time they are 3 years old. Many ear infections clear up without causing any lasting problems.
- [ADHD Basic Facts: What Every Parent Should Know Before Starting a Child on Medication: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-basic-facts-what-every-parent-should-know-before-starting-a-child-on-medication-adhd-toolkit/) - Studies have shown that medication is effective in treating the symptoms of ADHD alone or in combination with behavioral interventions.
- [ADHD: What Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-what-is-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/) - Behavior management skills that can be included in a Care Plan include
- [ADHD: What Are the Symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-what-are-the-symptoms-of-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/) - Children with ADHD have symptoms that fall into 3 groups: inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- [ADHD: How Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosed?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-how-is-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-diagnosed/) - Your child’s or teen’s doctor will determine whether your child or teen has ADHD by using standard guidelines developed by the American Academy of Pediatrics specifically for children, teens, and young adults 4 to 18 years of age. It is difficult to diagnose ADHD in children younger than 4 years.
- [ADHD: What Causes Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and How Is It Treated?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-what-causes-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-and-how-is-it-treated/) - ADHD is one of the most studied conditions of childhood, and it may be caused by a number of things. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, the outlook for most children who receive treatment of ADHD is encouraging. There is no specific cure for ADHD, but many treatment options are available to manage the condition.
- [ADHD: What is Behavioral Therapy?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-what-is-behavioral-therapy/) - Most experts recommend using both behavioral therapy and medication to treat ADHD depending on the age of the child. This is known as a multimodal treatment approach.
- [ADHD: What Types of Medication Reduce Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-what-types-of-medication-reduce-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-symptoms/) - Most experts recommend using both behavioral therapy and medication to treat ADHD depending on the age of the child. This is known as a multimodal treatment approach.
- [ADHD: What Are Common Questions About Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adhd-what-are-common-questions-about-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-symptoms/) - Common questions and answers from the American Academy of Pediatrics about attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- [Adoption: How to Talk With Your Child About Being Adopted](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/adoption-how-to-talk-with-your-child-about-being-adopted/) - Here is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about how to talk with your child about being adopted.
- [Aerobic Training (Care of the Young Athlete)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/aerobic-training-care-of-the-young-athlete/) - Aerobic training strengthens the heart and lungs and improves muscle function. One goal of aerobic training is to enhance sports performance and to improve training response. The following is information from the American Academy of Pediatrics about aerobic training exercises.
- [Air Bag Safety](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/air-bag-safety/) - An air bag can save your life. However, air bags and young children are a dangerous combination. The following information will help keep you and your children safe:
- [Safety for Your Child: 6 to 12 Months](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-6-to-12-months/) - Did you know that hundreds of children younger than 1 year die every year in the United States because of injuries — most of which can be prevented?
- [Safety for Your Child: 6 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-6-years/) - Did you know that injuries are the greatest threat to the life and health of your child? Injuries are the leading cause of death of school-aged children. Yet you can prevent most major injuries!
- [Safety for Your Child: 8 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-8-years/) - Did you know that injuries are the greatest threat to the life and health of your child? Injuries are the leading cause of death of school-aged children. Yet you can prevent most injuries!
- [Homework Tips for Parents to Teens: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/homework-tips-for-parents-to-teens-adhd-toolkit/) - Identifying Where Problems Begin and Solutions for Improvement, Strategies for Helping Your Child. Need more information? Contact CHADD at www.chadd.org
- [Use of Psychostimulant Medication: Tips for Parents: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/use-of-psychostimulant-medication-tips-for-parents-adhd-toolkit/) - Help your teen be responsible with medication.
- [Why Am I Having So Much Trouble With School?: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/why-am-i-having-so-much-trouble-with-school-adhd-toolkit/) - It is very common to have difficulties in school if you have attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
- [Why Is My Child Having Trouble in School?: ADHD Toolkit](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/why-is-my-child-having-trouble-in-school-adhd-toolkit/) - It is very common for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to have difficulties in school. These problems can occur for several reasons.
- [ASD: What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-what-is-autism-spectrum-disorder/) - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurologically based disability that affects a child’s social skills, communication, and behavior.
- [ASD: What Are the Early Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-what-are-the-early-signs-of-autism-spectrum-disorder/) - Many children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may show developmental differences throughout their infancy, especially in social and language skills.
- [ASD: What Causes Autism Spectrum Disorder?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-what-causes-autism-spectrum-disorder/) - Many factors may lead to symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). If a family already has a child diagnosed as having ASD, the chance that a sibling might also have ASD is 10 to 20 times higher than in the general population.
- [ASD: How is the Diagnosis Made?](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-how-is-the-diagnosis-made/) - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is complex, and symptoms are different for each child. Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about how ASD is diagnosed.
- [ASD: Effective Education Programs and Public Programs](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-effective-education-programs-and-public-programs/) - Many different strategies and techniques help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learn to interact with others and acquire new skills that may help them talk, play, participate in school, and care for their needs. Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about educational and public programs for children with ASD.
- [ASD: Joint Attention Skills](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-joint-attention-skills/) - How can we help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learn important social skills? Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about learning joint attention skills in 4 stages.
- [ASD: Developmental and Behavioral Interventions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-developmental-and-behavioral-interventions/) - Developmental and behavioral interventions are interrelated and are the mainstay for educating and supporting people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about these interventions.
- [ASD: Communication, Social Skills, and Sensory Motor Interventions](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-communication-social-skills-and-sensory-motor-interventions/) - Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have difficulties navigating everyday situations. Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about communication, social, and sensory interventions.
- [ASD: About Medications and Integrative, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine Treatments](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-about-medications-and-integrative-complementary-and-alternative-medicine-treatments/) - Treating children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often involves a comprehensive program that addresses the education, development, and behavior of the child. Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about the different treatments for ASD including medications and alternative treatments.
- [ASD: Family Support and Support in School](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-family-support-and-support-in-school/) - Families of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may experience stress before, during, and after a diagnosis. Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about support available for families of children with ASD.
- [ASD: Teen and Adult Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/asd-teen-and-adult-years/) - Teens and adults living with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have special concerns. Read on to learn more from the American Academy of Pediatrics about improving the quality of life for teens and adults with ASD.
- [A Guide to Children's Dental Health](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/a-guide-to-childrens-dental-health/) - The road to a bright smile begins long before the first tooth appears. Parents play a big part in helping their children develop healthy teeth. Early monitoring by your child's doctor and dentist is important. (See "What is a pediatric dentist?")
- [A Parent's Guide to Water Safety](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/a-parents-guide-to-water-safety/) - Drowning is one of the top causes of injury and death in children. Children can drown in pools, rivers, ponds, lakes, or oceans. They can even drown in a few inches of water in bathtubs, toilets, and large buckets.
- [2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/2019-novel-coronavirus-covid-19/) - 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) was discovered in December 2019 and has now spread throughout the world. As the virus spreads, we are seeing some people with mild illness, some who get very sick, and some who have died. The reason health officials are concerned is because the virus is new, which makes it hard to predict how it will continue to affect people. Researchers and doctors are learning more about it every day, including exactly how it spreads and who is most at risk.
- [Working and Learning from Home During the COVID-19 Outbreak](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/working-and-learning-from-home-during-the-covid-19-outbreak/) - To help contain COVID-19, many schools moved children to online learning at home. In addition, many parents are being asked to work from home. These forms of social distancing are needed to help slow the spread of the virus and prevent overloading the health care system.
- [Parenting in a Pandemic: Tips to Keep the Calm at Home](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/parenting-in-a-pandemic-tips-to-keep-the-calm-at-home/) - Calmly teaching your child good behavior can become more difficult, though no less important, during stressful times. The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) offers these tips for families facing long periods of time isolated at home during the COVID-19 outbreak.
- [COVID-19: Keep On Keeping Your Distance](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/covid-19-keep-on-keeping-your-distance/) - As the spread of COVID-19 continues, communities are being asked to reduce close contact between people. This is called social distancing, and it’s an important and effective way to slow down the spread of this virus.
- [Tips for Coping with a New Baby During COVID-19](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/tips-for-coping-with-a-new-baby-during-covid-19/) - All babies cry. Most babies cry a lot from two weeks to two months of age. Some cry more than others, and some cry longer than others. For many new parents, crying is one of the most stressful parts of coping with a newborn.
- [COVID-19: Caring For Children and Youth With Special Health Care Needs](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/covid-19-caring-for-children-and-youth-with-special-health-care-needs/) - As COVID-19 continues to spread, children and youth with special health care needs (CYSHCN), may be at increased risk for complications. This includes children with chronic conditions, disabilities, and those with medically complex conditions.
- [Getting Children and Teens Outside While Physical Distancing for COVID-19](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/getting-children-and-teens-outside-while-physical-distancing-for-covid-19/) - Many schools are now closed due to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. You may have created a schedule for your family. Ideally, it includes some outdoor time.
- [Simple Ways to Entertain and Boost Your Baby’s Development at Home](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/simple-ways-to-entertain-and-boost-your-babys-development-at-home/) - During social distancing to slow the spread of COVID-19, you may be looking for new ways to entertain and play with your young child. Thankfully, all you need is loving attention and some basic household items.
- [Co-Parenting Through COVID-19: Putting Your Children First](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/co-parenting-through-covid-19-putting-your-children-first/) - While a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic can add to the stress of co-parenting, it can also help parents overcome their issues and work together to safeguard the children they both love.
- [Teens & COVID-19: Challenges and Opportunities During the Outbreak](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/teens-covid-19-challenges-and-opportunities-during-the-outbreak/) - Social distancing to slow the spread of COVID-19 can be especially hard for teens, who may feel cut off from their friends. Many also face big letdowns as graduations, proms, sports seasons, college visits and other long-planned events are cancelled or postponed. Here are a few ways you can help your teen through this difficult time.
- [Breastfeeding During COVID-19 Pandemic](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/breastfeeding-during-covid-19-pandemic/) - The outbreak of COVID-19 is a stressful time for everyone. This may be especially true for mothers who are breastfeeding and concerned about their baby’s health. However, new moms can successfully start and maintain breastfeeding during the pandemic, with some recommended precautions.
- [Cloth Face Coverings for Children During COVID-19](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/cloth-face-coverings-for-children-during-covid-19/) - To protect ourselves and others from COVID-19, the CDC recommends wearing cloth face coverings out in public.
- [Coronavirus (COVID-19) - Diagnosed or Suspected](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/coronavirus-covid-19-diagnosed-or-suspected/) - Information and guidance on when COVID-19 is diagnosed or suspected.
- [Coronavirus (COVID-19) Exposure - No Symptoms](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/coronavirus-covid-19-exposure-no-symptoms/) - Information and guidance for exposure (close contact) to a person with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 infection.
- [Coronavirus (COVID-19) Prevention](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/coronavirus-covid-19-prevention/) - Information and guidance on preventing COVID-19 infection.
- [Coronavirus (COVID-19) or Influenza - How to Tell](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/coronavirus-covid-19-or-influenza-how-to-tell/) - Information and guidance on similarities and differences of COVID-19 and influenza infections.
- [Safety for Your Child: 1 to 2 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-1-to-2-years/) - Did you know that injuries are the leading cause of death of children younger than 4 years in the United States? Most of these injuries can be prevented.
- [Safety for Your Child: 10 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-10-years/) - Did you know that injuries are the greatest threat to the life and health of your child? Injuries are the leading cause of death of school-aged children. Yet you can prevent most major injuries if you and your child take a few simple steps.
- [Safety for Your Child: 2 to 4 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-2-to-4-years/) - TIPP SHEETS: Injuries are the leading cause of death in children younger than 4 years in the United States, and most of these injuries can be prevented. Firearms in the home, poisons, falls, burns, drowning, and poor safety practices while driving with your child in a car all pose serious threats. These issues should be approached with increased caution.
- [Safety for Your Child: 5 Years](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/aaplib-doc/safety-for-your-child-5-years/) - Did you know that injuries are the greatest threat to the life and health of your child? Injuries are the leading cause of death of school-aged children. Yet you can prevent most major injuries!

## Providers

- [Colette Oesterle](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/physicians/colette-oesterle/) - I am a sun child for sure, having grown up here in Tucson. After spending time pursuing a meandering undergraduate education in New York City and throwing in multiple ‘gap year’ experiences travelling, I met my partner in life. We wandered our way into building a family of our own as well as completing medical school in Burlington, VT. After so much time on the east coast both city and country mouse style, I missed the clear skies and my family here in Tucson, so we returned to the desert for residency at the University of Arizona. I have an interest in working with medically underserved families and patients, as well as serving families with kiddos who have neurodevelopmental differences, completing an ArizonaLEND fellowship my final year of residency. I am also a National Health Service Corps scholar, and worked after residency with El Rio FQHC as a general pediatrician, with a focus on sexual and reproductive health care and adolescent/teen health. I am trained to support contraceptive needs and am experienced in placing IUDs, nexplanons, and discussing/prescribing other forms of contraception. I was attracted to Mesquite Pediatrics due to the well cultivated community of clinicians dedicated to care that is peaceful, efficient, unrushed, and comprehensive. I am grateful for the opportunity to join the Mesquite team and look forward to continuing to serve Tucson’s pediatric community. Outside of work, I enjoy spending time with my family and friends, dancing, and travelling. I am proficient in Spanish.
- [Catherine Gioannetti](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/physicians/catherine-gioannetti/) - While completing my Pediatric residency at University Medical Center, I fell in love with Tucson and started my Pediatric practice in 2000. My commitment to quality, compassion, and communication guides the care I provide my patients. Coming from a family of six children, I have always enjoyed teaching and caring for kids. During my undergraduate years at MIT, I became fascinated with human biology and was drawn to service and teaching. After making the decision to study Medicine, I chose the Pritzker School of Medicine at the University of Chicago for my medical training. During medical school, I realized that practicing general pediatrics would become my life’s work. I love watching children grow and develop. My goal is to collaborate with families to optimize their children’s health and development. I have a holistic approach to Medicine. Taking the time to discuss the medical issue and treatment options with my patients and their caregivers is essential to my practice. When I am not working, I enjoy spending time with my family and friends, hiking, riding bikes, kayaking, gardening, cooking and exploring the natural world. On occasion you may see me playing ultimate frisbee, pickle ball or cross-country skiing.
- [Nicole Abdy](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/physicians/nicole-abdy/) - I am proud to be a native Arizonan, born in Phoenix and raised in the scenic locale of Cave Creek, Arizona. I moved to Tucson in 1999 to pursue my undergraduate degree in Physiology at The University of Arizona. Falling in love with Tucson during my undergraduate years (as well as my husband), I’ve permanently settled in this beautiful city. As a die hard Arizona Wildcat, I was thrilled to be able to complete my medical school training, Pediatric Residency, and a year as Chief Resident of Pediatrics at The University of Arizona (Go Cats!). After completing my Residency and Chief Resident of Pediatrics year, I joined the Pediatric faculty at The University of Arizona/University Medical Center. I relished teaching medical students and residents and thrived on seeing these budding physicians grow and learn under my guidance. In the last three years of my academic career, I became the Medical Director of the newborn nursery Banner University Medical Center (formally UMC). I particularly enjoyed taking care of both the mother and the newborn infant during this crucial time. After almost seven years in the academic setting, I realized that the additional non-patient related responsibilities associated with an academic career were rewarding, but were keeping me from focusing on what I love most, taking care of patients. Making this realization, I was thrilled to be offered the opportunity to join Mesquite Pediatrics. I was personally drawn to Mesquite Pediatrics due to their uniqueness in offering care in a smaller, more patient-orientated practice that would allow me to provide the best quality care for my patients and their families. Outside of the office, I enjoy reading, exercising, traveling, and spending time with my wonderful husband and two very active children. Our family enjoys outdoor activities including hiking, camping and snow skiing. In addition, my husband and I are die-hard University of Arizona Athletics fans, but most enjoy attending Men’s Basketball games.
- [Joshua Yell](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/physicians/joshua-yell/) - After being born here at TMC myself, Tucson has always been a home to me and my family. I grew up a Wildcat and was lucky enough to meet my beautiful wife Amanda in senior English class at University High School. We both studied here at the U of A as well where I completed my Bachelors degree in neuroscience as well as my medical degree at the College of Medicine. After a quick trip to train at one of the nation’s top children’s hospitals at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, OH, I am thrilled to bring back my experience and perspectives to our Tucson community. I was inspired by my parents before me to practice medicine, but especially my mom, who still serves the Tucson community as a practicing OB/GYN. After she helps guide new parents through the process of welcoming a new child, she passes the torch to me to help care for the newborn and beyond. I’m honored to be joining the Mesquite Pediatrics family where we can truly take time to serve our patients and families. I wanted to join a practice where I can offer consistent and easily accessible care to my patients. I hope to champion our families first values and provide comprehensive care to support our children to the best of our abilities. Outside of work, my wife and I love to cook and bake together, and we are always looking for new restaurants to try and gobbling up any cooking show on Netflix we can find. We also love to enjoy the outdoors and spend time walking, hiking, and rock climbing throughout our beautiful state.
- [Jeff Couchman](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/physicians/jeff-couchman/) - I was born near Detroit, Michigan, which I always say is a good place to be FROM (I’m very happy now to be living in Tucson, instead). I went to undergraduate school at the University of Michigan, mostly because it was where all my friends were going and I didn’t want to fill out any more college applications. For medical school, I did a little more searching and ended up at Washington University in St. Louis. I enjoyed St. Louis but, though it’s both south and west of Detroit, it still wasn’t what I had in mind. When I finished medical school, I interviewed throughout the West and chose to do my residency here in Tucson, at the University of Arizona. I fell in love with Tucson during those three years and decided to make it my permanent home. When I finished my residency, I was fortunate enough to fill a vacancy at an established pediatric practice, where I then worked for seven years. But, after being in practice for a while, I decided that I’d like to do things differently and I needed more flexibility. So, Dr. Mary Cochran and I opened Mesquite Pediatrics at the beginning of 2006. We created a small practice that is peaceful, efficient, and unrushed. I like having time with my patients; our staff is happy, friendly, and helpful; and I feel our patients get the attention and respect they deserve. My goal at Mesquite Pediatrics is to provide every one of our patients with high quality medical care and to make sure that we meet everyone’s needs as much as we possibly can. Finally, I want to make sure that our patients and their parents learn everything they can about their health. I don’t ever want people to leave an appointment with questions that haven’t been addressed. I have many interests outside of pediatrics. My wife, Leigh, and I were married in May, 2002 and we have two boys: Eli, born in 2003 and Zane, born in 2010. My wife and I met playing volleyball and we still lead an active lifestyle with cycling, hiking and swimming. I have played soccer all my life, currently playing in a coed league and an over-40’s men’s league on weekends. I am also a triathlete and completed an Ironman in 2021.

## Page Properties

- [Reviews](https://mesquitepediatrics.com/page-property/reviews/)